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Empowerment or Indoctrination? Female Training Programs under Dictatorship

Author

Listed:
  • González, Felipe

    (Queen Mary University of London)

  • Prem, Mounu

    (Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance)

  • von Dessauer, Cristine

    (MIT)

Abstract

Autocrats often control social organizations to disseminate their ideology. We examine the Pinochet dictatorship in Chile (1973–1990), where conservative military forces controlled female social organizations to promote traditional roles for women as mothers and housewives. Partnering with higher education institutions, the dictatorship delivered training programs aimed at fostering domestic skills. Our findings reveal these programs facilitated women's entry into the labor market without changing their political views. Decades later, these programs are still linked to higher female labor force participation among women directly exposed during the dictatorship and their daughters raised in democracy.

Suggested Citation

  • González, Felipe & Prem, Mounu & von Dessauer, Cristine, 2024. "Empowerment or Indoctrination? Female Training Programs under Dictatorship," IZA Discussion Papers 17163, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17163
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    Keywords

    women; centers; labor force participation; empowerment; dictatorship;
    All these keywords.

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