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Where Immigrants Settle in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Chiswick, Barry R.

    (George Washington University)

  • Miller, Paul W.

    (Curtin University)

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the location of immigrants in the United States, as reported in the 1990 Census. Where they settle has implications for the economic, social and political impact of immigrants. Immigrants are highly geographically concentrated. Compared to the native born they are more likely to live in the central parts of Metropolitan Areas in "gateway (major international airport) cities" in six states (California, New York, Texas, Florida, New Jersey and Illinois). The shift away from the east coast metropolitan areas to California reflects the change in the origins of immigrants from Europe/Canada to Asia, Mexico and other parts of Latin America. Differences by linguistic origin and period of arrival are also considered.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiswick, Barry R. & Miller, Paul W., 2004. "Where Immigrants Settle in the United States," IZA Discussion Papers 1231, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp1231
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chiswick, Barry R & Miller, Paul W, 1995. "The Endogeneity between Language and Earnings: International Analyses," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 13(2), pages 246-288, April.
    2. David M. Cutler & Edward L. Glaeser & Jacob L. Vigdor, 1999. "The Rise and Decline of the American Ghetto," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 107(3), pages 455-506, June.
    3. Case, A.C. & Katz, L.F., 1991. "The Company You Keep: The Effects Of Family And Neighborhood On Disadvantaged Younths," Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Papers 1555, Harvard - Institute of Economic Research.
    4. Madeline Zavodny, 1998. "Determinants of recent immigrants' locational choices," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 98-3, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    5. Bartel, Ann P, 1989. "Where Do the New U.S. Immigrants Live?," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 7(4), pages 371-391, October.
    6. Chiswick, Barry R, 1978. "The Effect of Americanization on the Earnings of Foreign-born Men," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(5), pages 897-921, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Nina Neubecker & Marcel Smolka & Anne Steinbacher, 2017. "Networks And Selection In International Migration To Spain," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 55(3), pages 1265-1286, July.
    2. André Rossi Oliveira & Rossitza B. Wooster & Michael Paruszkiewicz, 2021. "The impact of earnings gaps and networks on migration decisions: an empirical study of undocumented Mexican migrants," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(2), pages 993-1012, February.
    3. Pierre-Philippe Combes & Bruno Decreuse & Morgane Laouénan & Alain Trannoy, 2016. "Customer Discrimination and Employment Outcomes: Theory and Evidence from the French Labor Market," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 34(1), pages 107-160.
    4. Nadiya Ukrayinchuk & Hubert Jayet, 2011. "Immigrant location and network effects: the Helvetic case," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 32(3), pages 313-333, June.
    5. Matt Ruther & Rebbeca Tesfai & Janice Madden, 2018. "Foreign-born population concentration and neighbourhood growth and development within US metropolitan areas," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 55(4), pages 826-843, March.
    6. Sharpe, Jamie, 2019. "Re-evaluating the impact of immigration on the U.S. rental housing market," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 14-34.
    7. David Mare & Melanie Morten & Steven Stillman, 2007. "Settlement patterns and the geographic mobility of recent migrants to New Zealand," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 163-195.
    8. Pierre-Philippe Combes & Bruno Decreuse & Morgane Laouénan & Alain Trannoy, 2016. "Customer Discrimination and Employment Outcomes: Theory and Evidence from the French Labor Market," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 34(1), pages 107-160.
    9. Hubert Jayet & Glenn Rayp & Ilse Ruyssen & Nadiya Ukrayinchuk, 2016. "Immigrants’ location choice in Belgium," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 57(1), pages 63-89, July.
    10. Akira Igarashi, 2022. "How do initial migrants choose their locations? Interregional migration in Japan from 1899 to 1938," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(4), pages 1032-1047, September.
    11. Olga Lazareva & Konstantin Sonin, 2008. "Russian Migrants to Russia: Choice of Location and Labor Market Outcomes," Working Papers w0117, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR).
    12. Zhiling Wang, 2020. "The incompatibility of local economic prosperity and migrants’ social integration: evidence from the Netherlands," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 64(1), pages 57-78, February.
    13. Evelyn Blumenberg & Michael Smart, 2014. "Brother can you Spare a Ride? Carpooling in Immigrant Neighbourhoods," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(9), pages 1871-1890, July.
    14. Olga Lazareva, 2015. "Russian migrants to Russia: assimilation and local labor market effects," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 4(1), pages 1-25, December.
    15. Crystal Zhan, 2015. "School and neighborhood: residential location choice of immigrant parents in the Los Angeles Metropolitan area," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 28(3), pages 737-783, July.
    16. Josef Novotny & Jiri Hasman, 2015. "The Emergence of Regional Immigrant Concentrations in USA and Australia: A Spatial Relatedness Approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(5), pages 1-20, May.
    17. Pavel, Md Eyasin Ul Islam Ul Islam, 2023. "Integrating America: Revealing the Complex Tapestry of Immigrant Engagement and Local Governance Dynamics," SocArXiv wyz96_v1, Center for Open Science.
    18. Beine, Michel & Docquier, Frédéric & Schiff, Maurice, 2008. "Brain Drain and its Determinants: A Major Issue for Small States," IZA Discussion Papers 3398, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Nina Michalikova & Philip Q. Yang, 2016. "Socioeconomic Adaptation of Post-1991 Eastern European Immigrants in the USA," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 1-34, February.
    20. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2tlvpn71ve888pnch88db9g683 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Chernina Eugenia M., 2020. "The Role of Migration Experience in Migrants’ Destination Choice," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 11(1), pages 1-29, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    language; residential location; immigrants;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand

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