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Key challenges for the European Welfare States

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  • Rafael Munoz de Bustillo Llorente

    (University of Salamanca)

Abstract

Is the Welfare State sustainable? How has it fared in the last few decades? What are the main challenges facing the Welfare State today and in the near future? This Working paper aims at offering the reader with elements to answer, if temporarily, this questions regarding the present and future of the European Welfare State. With that aim, the paper discusses the evolution on European Welfare States, making emphasis in the contrast between the discourse that has become a common place regarding Welfare State dynamics and its crisis, and the picture shown by the indicators commonly used to measure the size of the Welfare State. Against this background, we review the "old" and "new" challenges faced by Welfare States. This review includes its compatibility with allocative efficiency and economic growth, the impact of globalisation and immigration, the increase in demographic dependency rates related to the growth of life expectancy and the reduction of fertility rates, the change in household patterns, or the growing concern about gender inequality. The last part of the paper deals with the different social and economic policy options available to the Welfare State to meet its goals in a context of economic and social change driven by the digital revolution.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Munoz de Bustillo Llorente, 2019. "Key challenges for the European Welfare States," JRC Working Papers on Labour, Education and Technology 2019-04, Joint Research Centre.
    • Handle: RePEc:ipt:laedte:201904
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    File URL: https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC117351
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    1. Munoz de Bustillo Llorente Rafael & FERNANDEZ MACIAS Enrique & GONZALEZ VAZQUEZ Ignacio, 2020. "Universality in Social Protection: An Inquiry about its Meaning and Measurement," JRC Research Reports JRC122953, Joint Research Centre.

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