IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/imf/imfwpa/2005-145.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Ten Years After the CFA Franc Devaluation: Progress Toward Regional Integration in the WAEMU

Author

Listed:
  • Mr. P. van den Boogaerde
  • Mr. Charalambos G Tsangarides

Abstract

This paper takes stock of the achievements toward integration in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) 10 years after the 1994 devaluation of the CFA franc. It investigates the lessons learned and evaluates progress toward economic convergence, examines the evolution of trade and competitiveness, and points to ways to remove impediments to greater integration. The paper concludes that a continued political commitment will be needed to overcome the important dissimilarities between WAEMU member countries that have limited the degree of convergence achieved to date, and to advance toward a full-fledged economic union.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. P. van den Boogaerde & Mr. Charalambos G Tsangarides, 2005. "Ten Years After the CFA Franc Devaluation: Progress Toward Regional Integration in the WAEMU," IMF Working Papers 2005/145, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2005/145
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=18382
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hinkle, Lawrence E. & Monteil, Peter J. (ed.), 1999. "Exchange Rate Misalignment: Concepts and Measurement for Developing Countries," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195211269.
    2. Devarajan, Shantayanan & Lewis, Jeffrey D & Robinson, Sherman, 1993. "External Shocks, Purchasing Power Parity, and the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 7(1), pages 45-63, January.
    3. Bayoumi, Tamim & Ostry, Jonathan D, 1997. "Macroeconomic Shocks and Trade Flows within Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Optimum Currency Arrangements," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 6(3), pages 412-444, October.
    4. M. Ayhan Kose & Raymond Riezman, 2013. "Trade shocks and macroeconomic fluctuations in Africa," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Raymond Riezman (ed.), International Trade Agreements and Political Economy, chapter 19, pages 369-394, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    5. Karim Nashashibi & Stefania Bazzoni, 1994. "Exchange Rate Strategies and Fiscal Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 41(1), pages 76-122, March.
    6. Mr. Michel Galy & Mr. Michael T. Hadjimichael, 1997. "The CFA Franc Zone and the EMU," IMF Working Papers 1997/156, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Reinhart, Carmen & Rogoff, Kenneth, 2002. "FDI to Africa: The role of price stability and currency instability," MPRA Paper 13872, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Foroutan, Faezeh & Pritchett, Lant, 1993. "Intra-sub-Saharan African Trade: Is It Too Little?," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 2(1), pages 74-105, May.
    9. Mr. Paul R Masson & Mr. Ousmane Dore, 2002. "Experience with Budgetary Convergence in the WAEMU," IMF Working Papers 2002/108, International Monetary Fund.
    10. Mr. Abdoul A Wane, 2004. "Growth and Convergence in WAEMU Countries," IMF Working Papers 2004/198, International Monetary Fund.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. BIKAI, J. Landry, 2015. "Fiscal Rules and Pro-cyclicality of the Fiscal Policy in CEMAC countries," MPRA Paper 78229, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Sampawende Jules Tapsoba, 2011. "Union Monétaire en Afrique de l'Ouest: Quelles Réponses à l'Hétérogénéité des Chocs ?," CERDI Working papers halshs-00554309, HAL.
    3. Sampawende Jules TAPSOBA, 2009. "Union Monétaire en Afrique de l’Ouest: Quelles Réponses à l’Hétérogénéité des Chocs ?," Working Papers 200912, CERDI.
    4. Sampawende Jules Tapsoba, 2011. "Union Monétaire en Afrique de l'Ouest: Quelles Réponses à l'Hétérogénéité des Chocs ?," Working Papers halshs-00554309, HAL.
    5. Mr. Amadou N Sy, 2006. "Financial Integration in the West African Economic and Monetary Union," IMF Working Papers 2006/214, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Constant, Amelie F. & Tien, Bienvenue N., 2011. "Surviving the Turbulence Is Not Enough: Can Côte d'Ivoire Flourish Again?," IZA Policy Papers 30, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Ziesmer, Johannes & Jin, Ding & Mukashov, Askar & Henning, Christian, 2023. "Integrating fundamental model uncertainty in policy analysis," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PB).
    8. Adjalala, Frida & Dissou, Yazid, 2023. "Idiosyncratic shocks in a currency union: Insights from West Africa," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    9. Florence Bouvet & Roy Bower & Jason C. Jones, 2022. "Currency Devaluation as a Source of Growth in Africa: A Synthetic Control Approach," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 48(3), pages 367-389, June.
    10. Kohnert, Dirk, 2022. "Domination française des marchés en Afrique francophone : Le post-colonialisme à son meilleur ? [French domination of Francophone African markets: Post-colonialism at its finest?]," MPRA Paper 112051, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Freund, Caroline & Pierola, Martha Denisse, 2008. "Export surges : the oower of a competitive currency," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4750, The World Bank.
    12. Souleymane Ndao & Nikolay Nenovsky & Kiril Tochkov, 2019. "Does monetary integration lead to income convergence in Africa? a study of the CFA monetary area," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 18(2), pages 67-85, June.
    13. Mukashov, Askar & Henning, Christian H. C. A. & Robertson, Richard & Wiebelt, Manfred, 2021. "The role of Global Climate Change in structural transformation of Sub-Saharan Africa: Case study of Senegal," Kiel Working Papers 2187, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    14. Mukashov, A., 2023. "Parameter uncertainty in policy planning models: Using portfolio management methods to choose optimal policies under world market volatility," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 187-202.
    15. Mr. Pablo F Druck & Mr. Mario Dehesa, 2008. "The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank: Challenges to an Effective Lender of Last Resort," IMF Working Papers 2008/214, International Monetary Fund.
    16. BIKAI, J. Landry & KENKOUO, Guy Albert, 2015. "Analysis and evaluation of the Monetary Policy Transmission Channels in the CEMAC: A SVAR and SPVAR Approaches," MPRA Paper 78227, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Kohnert, Dirk, 2022. "French domination of markets in Francophone Africa: Post-colonialism at its finest?," MPRA Paper 112024, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Charles E. Schlumberger, 2010. "Open Skies for Africa : Implementing the Yamoussoukro Decision," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2467.
    19. Mukashov, Askar & Jin, Ding & Henning, Christian & Hedtrich, Johannes, 2019. "Estimation of Growth Elasticities in the General Equilibrium Framework under Model Uncertainty," Conference papers 333081, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    20. World Bank, 2012. "Reshaping Economic Geography of East Africa : From Regional to Global Integration (Vol. 1 of 2)," World Bank Publications - Reports 11930, The World Bank Group.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Houssa, Romain, 2008. "Monetary union in West Africa and asymmetric shocks: A dynamic structural factor model approach," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(1-2), pages 319-347, February.
    2. Xavier Debrun & Paul Masson & Catherine Pattillo, 2005. "Monetary union in West Africa: who might gain, who might lose, and why?," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(2), pages 454-481, May.
    3. André, NYEMBWE & Konstantin, KHOLODILIN, 2005. "North-South Asymmetric Relationships : Does the EMU Business Affect Small African Economies ?," Discussion Papers (ECON - Département des Sciences Economiques) 2005032, Université catholique de Louvain, Département des Sciences Economiques.
    4. Howard J. Shatz & David G. Tarr, 2017. "Exchange Rate Overvaluation and Trade Protection: Lessons from Experience," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Trade Policies for Development and Transition, chapter 5, pages 115-127, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    5. Honohan, Patrick & Lane, Philip R., "undated". "Will the Euro Trigger More Monetary Unions in Africa?," WIDER Working Papers 295503, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    6. Mahvash S Qureshi & Mr. Charalambos G Tsangarides, 2006. "What is Fuzzy About Clustering in West Africa?," IMF Working Papers 2006/090, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Mr. Plamen K Iossifov & Ms. Misa Takebe & Zaijin Zhan & Mr. Noriaki Kinoshita & Mr. Robert C York, 2009. "Improving Surveillance Across the CEMAC Region," IMF Working Papers 2009/260, International Monetary Fund.
    8. Magazzino, Cosimo, 2012. "Revenue and expenditure nexus: A case study of ECOWAS," Economics Discussion Papers 2012-57, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    9. Masahiro Kawai & Shinji Takagi, 2005. "Towards regional monetary cooperation in East Asia: lessons from other parts of the world," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(2), pages 97-116.
    10. Dominique Guillaume and David Stasavage, 1999. "Making and breaking monetary policy rules: the experience of African countries," Economics Series Working Papers WPS/1999-02, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    11. Agnès Bénassy‐Quéré & Maylis Coupet, 2005. "On the Adequacy of Monetary Arrangements in Sub‐Saharan Africa," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 349-373, March.
    12. Tsangarides, Charalambos G. & Qureshi, Mahvash Saeed, 2008. "Monetary Union Membership in West Africa: A Cluster Analysis," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 1261-1279, July.
    13. Céline CARRERE, 2003. "African Regional Agreements: Their Impact on Trade With or Without Currency Unions," Working Papers 200311, CERDI.
    14. Chuku, Chuku, 2012. "The proposed eco: should West Africa proceed with a common currency?," MPRA Paper 43739, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Qureshi, Mahvash Saeed & Tsangarides, Charalambos G., 2012. "Hard or Soft Pegs? Choice of Exchange Rate Regime and Trade in Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 667-680.
    16. Doukoure Charle Fe, 2021. "Trade flows between the West African Economic and Monetary Union's members so little: does exports structure matter ?," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 41(2), pages 816-833.
    17. Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman & Shaohua Yang & Azizah Omar, 2018. "Are Resource-Rich Countries More Attractive than Countries with Good Institutions to Foreign Direct Investors in Sub-Saharan Africa?," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(6), pages 65-74, June.
    18. Adugna Lemi & Sisay Asefa, 2009. "Differential Impacts of Economic Volatility and Governance on Manufacturing and Non-Manufacturing Foreign Direct Investments: The Case of US Multinationals in Africa," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 35(3), pages 367-395.
    19. Laurent Didier, 2017. "South-South Trade and Geographical Diversification of Intra-SSA Trade: Evidence from BRICs," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 29(2), pages 139-154, June.
    20. Khalifa Hassanain, 2015. "Special Drawing Right and Currency Risk Management," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(3), pages 780-785.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2005/145. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Akshay Modi (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/imfffus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.