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The Youth Guarantee programme in Europe features, implementation and challenges

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  • Escudero, Verónica.
  • López Mourelo, Elva.

Abstract

The recommendation to establish a Youth Guarantee was adopted by the Council in April 2013 in response to unprecedented levels of youth unemployment, which reached 23.5 per cent in Europe at the end of 2012, rising to more than 50 per cent in some countries. The European Youth Guarantee is a commitment by Member States to ensure that all young people receive a good offer of apprenticeship, training, continued education or employment that is suited to their abilities and experience within four months of becoming unemployed or leaving education. The Youth Guarantee is one of the most innovative labour market policies of recent years, and has received strong social support. Indeed, it arrived at a moment when an urgent and radical response was needed to address the detrimental long-lasting consequences of long-term unemployment, such as permanent future income losses, skills erosion and the increased risk of discouragement and inactivity. The aim of this article is to examine the main features of this programme, with a special focus on the factors that are key to its success, namely: early intervention, identification of the right target groups, good institutional frameworks, high quality programmes and sufficient resources. In particular, we assess the extent to which these factors are embedded into the various implementation plans published by the European countries in question. Our analysis shows that although the majority of implementation plans include the recommended combination of capacity building and employment intermediation measures, as well as the creation of adequate institutional frameworks, countries’ allocation of resources for the programmes as reported in their implementation plans is not sufficient to match the recommendations. In fact, this article estimates that the gap accumulated by countries analysed that reported less than what is recommended to achieve the desired objective of reducing youth unemployment, amounts to 7.3 billion euros (PPP).

Suggested Citation

  • Escudero, Verónica. & López Mourelo, Elva., 2015. "The Youth Guarantee programme in Europe features, implementation and challenges," ILO Working Papers 994888913402676, International Labour Organization.
    • Handle: RePEc:ilo:ilowps:994888913402676
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    2. Francesco Filippucci, 2022. "What Do NEETs Need? The Effect of Combining Activation Policies and Cash Transfers," Working Papers halshs-03524083, HAL.
    3. Werner Eichhorst & Ulf Rinne, 2017. "The European Youth Guarantee: A Preliminary Assessment and Broader Conceptual Implications," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 18(02), pages 34-38, July.
    4. Dennis Tamesberger & Johann Bacher, 2020. "COVID-19 Crisis: How to Avoid a ‘Lost Generation’," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 55(4), pages 232-238, July.
    5. Antonia Asenjo & Verónica Escudero & Hannah Liepmann, 2024. "Why Should we Integrate Income and Employment Support? A Conceptual and Empirical Investigation," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(1), pages 1-29, January.
    6. Štefánik, Miroslav & Lafférs, Lukáš, 2024. "Supporting the right workplace experience: a dynamic evaluation of three activation programmes for young job seekers in Slovakia," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 58, pages 1-16.
    7. Massimiliano Bratti & Corinna Ghirelli & Enkelejda Havari & Giulia Santangelo, 2022. "Vocational training for unemployed youth in Latvia," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 35(2), pages 677-717, April.
    8. Iva Tomic & Ivan Zilic, 2018. "Working for 200 euro? The effects of traineeship reform on labor market outcomes in Croatia," Working Papers 1804, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb.
    9. Ruggero Cefalo & Rosario Scandurra & Yuri Kazepov, 2020. "Youth Labor Market Integration in European Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    10. Carlos Pesquera Alonso & Práxedes Muñoz Sánchez & Almudena Iniesta Martínez, 2021. "Youth Guarantee: Looking for Explanations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-13, May.
    11. Jérémy Hervelin & Pierre Villedieu, 2022. "The Benefits of Early Work Experience for School Dropouts: Evidence from a Field Experiment," THEMA Working Papers 2022-07, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.
    12. Carlos Pesquera Alonso & Almudena Iniesta Martínez & Práxedes Muñoz Sánchez, 2022. "Barriers That Keep Vulnerable People as NEETs," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, June.
    13. Iva Tomić & Ivan Zilic, 2020. "Working for 200 Euro? The Unintended Effects of Traineeship Reform on Youth Labor Market Outcomes," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 34(3), pages 347-371, September.
    14. Canzian, Giulia & Meroni, Elena Claudia & Santangelo, Giulia, 2023. "Evaluation of a Flemish Active Labour Market Policy in the framework of the European Social Fund. Results and challenges," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    15. Francesco Filippucci, 2022. "What Do NEETs Need? The Effect of Combining Activation Policies and Cash Transfers," PSE Working Papers halshs-03524083, HAL.
    16. Bratti, Massimiliano & Ghirelli, Corinna & Havari, Enkelejda & Santangelo, Giulia, 2018. "Vocational Training for Unemployed Youth in Latvia: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design," IZA Discussion Papers 11870, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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