IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/journl/hal-03592183.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Diversification Benefits of European REIT, Equities and Bonds

Author

Listed:
  • Cherif Famara Badji

    (ICN Business School)

  • Cristiane Benetti

    (ICN Business School, CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine)

  • Renato Guimaraes

    (LGIPM - Laboratoire de Génie Informatique, de Production et de Maintenance - UL - Université de Lorraine, ICN Business School)

Abstract

This study aims to demonstrate the benefits related to the inclusion of European REIT in a portfolio of stocks and bonds traded on European markets. Major studies of the portfolio's diversification those considered REIT was carried out on the American real estate market. Therefore, this research project aims to extend the work to the European scale by forming a mixed pan‐European REIT portfolio. The database is composed of monthly dividend‐adjusted closing prices, over the past 11 years, from different stock indexes collected during eleven years of different European market indexes. Four hypothetic portfolios were constructed to test our hypothesis. Descriptive statistics and correlations were presented. Therefore, the results have shown that European REIT has reduced the risk of a mixed portfolio even if the risk reduction is very limited. The same is true for the portfolio's return, which was slightly improved. The study showed that European REIT remains a factor of diversification that should not be overlooked in building an asset portfolio. These findings contribute to the existing portfolio theory arguing that using REITs in portfolio diversification helps investors dilute their risk and improve their returns. Our results also have practical implications. They can be useful to investors and financial analysts in their investment decisions by shedding light on this type of asset.

Suggested Citation

  • Cherif Famara Badji & Cristiane Benetti & Renato Guimaraes, 2021. "Diversification Benefits of European REIT, Equities and Bonds," Post-Print hal-03592183, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03592183
    DOI: 10.32038/NCAF.2021.06.03
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joseph Gyourko & Edward Nelling, 1996. "Systematic Risk and Diversification in the Equity REIT Market," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 24(4), pages 493-515, December.
    2. John L. Glascock & David Michayluk & Karyn Neuhauser, 2004. "The Riskiness of REITs Surrounding the October 1997 Stock Market Decline," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 339-354, May.
    3. Walter I. Boudry & Jan A. deRoos & Andrey D. Ukhov, 2020. "Diversification Benefits of REIT Preferred and Common Stock: New Evidence from a Utility‐based Framework," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 48(1), pages 240-293, March.
    4. Denis Schweizer & Lars Haß & Lutz Johanning & Bernd Rudolph, 2013. "Do Alternative Real Estate Investment Vehicles Add Value to REITs? Evidence from German Open-ended Property Funds," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 65-82, July.
    5. Muhammad Jufri Marzuki & Graeme Newell, 2018. "The emergence of Spanish REITs," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(5), pages 495-508, July.
    6. Carolina Fugazza & Massimo Guidolin & Giovanna Nicodano, 2009. "Time and Risk Diversification in Real Estate Investments: Assessing the Ex Post Economic Value," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 37(3), pages 341-381, September.
    7. Muhammad Jufri Marzuki & Graeme Newell, 2019. "The evolution of Belgium REITs," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 37(4), pages 345-362, May.
    8. Randy Anderson & Justin Benefield & Matthew Hurst, 2015. "Property-type diversification and REIT performance: an analysis of operating performance and abnormal returns," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 39(1), pages 48-74, January.
    9. Graeme Newell & Muhammad Jufri Marzuki, 2018. "The emergence and performance of German REITs," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(1), pages 91-103, February.
    10. Chiuling Lu & Yiuman Tse & Michael Williams, 2013. "Returns transmission, value at risk, and diversification benefits in international REITs: evidence from the financial crisis," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 293-318, February.
    11. Glascock, John L & Lu, Chiuling & So, Raymond W, 2000. "Further Evidence on the Integration of REIT, Bond, and Stock Returns," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 177-194, March.
    12. Zeno Adams & Roland Füss & Felix Schindler, 2015. "The Sources of Risk Spillovers among U.S. REITs: Financial Characteristics and Regional Proximity," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 43(1), pages 67-100, March.
    13. Graeme Newell & Alastair Adair & Thi Kim Nguyen, 2013. "The significance and performance of French REITs (SIICs) in a mixed‐asset portfolio," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 31(6), pages 575-588, September.
    14. James L. Kuhle, 1987. "Portfolio Diversification and Return Benefits--Common Stock vs. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 2(2), pages 1-9.
    15. John L. Glascock & Wikrom Prombutr & Ying Zhang & Tingyu Zhou, 2018. "Can Investors Hold More Real Estate? Evidence from Statistical Properties of Listed REIT versus Non-REIT Property Companies in the U.S," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 274-302, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Grant Alexander Wilson & Jason Jogia, 2024. "Examining personal financial advisors’ knowledge, client recommendations, and personal investments in private real estate and real estate investment trusts (REITs)," Journal of Financial Services Marketing, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 29(3), pages 729-744, September.
    2. Thomas Richter, 2022. "Trading Activity in Public Real Estate Markets," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, August.
    3. Mariya Letdin & C. Stace Sirmans & G. Stacy Sirmans, 2024. "Spread Too Thin: REIT Asset Dispersion and Divergence of Opinion," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 69(2), pages 201-227, August.
    4. Liu Xiaoxin & Wu Di & Li Xiuting & Dong Jichang, 2013. "Financing of Low-Rent Housing REITs in China," Journal of Systems Science and Information, De Gruyter, vol. 1(1), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Matiur Rahman, 2024. "Interactions between Equity REITs and S&P 500 Returns," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(3), pages 206-211, May.
    6. Kola Ijasan & George Tweneboah & Maurice Omane-Adjepong & Peterson Owusu Junior, 2019. "On the global integration of REITs market returns: A multiresolution analysis," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 1690211-169, January.
    7. Yener Cos‚kun & A. Sevtap Selcuk-Kestel & Bilgi Yilmaz, 2017. "Diversification benefit and return performance of REITs using CAPM and Fama-French: Evidence from Turkey," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 17(4), pages 199-215, December.
    8. Migliavacca, Milena & Goodell, John W. & Paltrinieri, Andrea, 2023. "A bibliometric review of portfolio diversification literature," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    9. Armonat, Stefan & Pfnür, Andreas, 2002. "Basel II and the German credit crunch?," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 35585, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    10. Roger M. Shelor & Dwight C. Anderson, 1998. "The Financial Performance of REITs Following Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 16(3), pages 375-388.
    11. Masud Alam, 2024. "Volatility in U.S. Housing Sector and the REIT Equity Return," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 69(3), pages 505-544, October.
    12. Salisu, Afees A. & Akinsomi, Omokolade & Ametefe, Frank Kwakutse & Hammed, Yinka S., 2024. "Gold market volatility and REITs' returns during tranquil and turbulent episodes," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
    13. J. Andrew Hansz & Ying Zhang & Tingyu Zhou, 2017. "An Investigation into the Substitutability of Equity and Mortgage REITs in Real Estate Portfolios," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 54(3), pages 338-364, April.
    14. Bonato, Matteo & Çepni, Oğuzhan & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2021. "Do oil-price shocks predict the realized variance of U.S. REITs?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    15. Devaney, Michael, 2012. "Financial crisis, REIT short-sell restrictions and event induced volatility," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 219-226.
    16. Mensi, Walid & Reboredo, Juan C. & Ugolini, Andrea & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2022. "Switching connectedness between real estate investment trusts, oil, and gold markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    17. John Glascock & Ran Lu-Andrews, 2015. "The Price Behavior of REITs Surrounding Extreme Market-Related Events," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 441-479, November.
    18. Mustafa Kemal Yilmaz & Ali Osman Kusakci & Ekrem Tatoglu & Orkun Icten & Feyzullah Yetgin, 2019. "Performance Evaluation of Real Estate Investment Trusts using a Hybridized Interval Type-2 Fuzzy AHP-DEA Approach: The Case of Borsa Istanbul," International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making (IJITDM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(06), pages 1785-1820, November.
    19. Geoffrey M. Ngene & Jinghua Wang, 2024. "Transitory and permanent shock transmissions between real estate investment trusts and other assets: Evidence from time‐frequency decomposition and machine learning," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 64(1), pages 539-573, March.
    20. John L. Crain & Mike Cudd & Christopher L. Brown, 2000. "The Impact of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993 on the Pricing Structure of Equity REITs," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 19(3), pages 275-285.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03592183. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: CCSD (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.