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Time and Risk Diversification in Real Estate Investments: Assessing the Ex Post Economic Value

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  • Carolina Fugazza
  • Massimo Guidolin
  • Giovanna Nicodano

Abstract

Welfare gains to long‐horizon investors may derive from time diversification that exploits nonzero intertemporal return correlations associated with predictable returns. Real estate may thus become more desirable if its returns are negatively serially correlated. While it could be important for long‐horizon investors, time diversification has been mostly investigated in asset menus without real estate and focusing on in‐sample experiments. This article evaluates, ex post, the out‐of‐sample gains from diversification when equity real estate investment trusts (REITs) belong to the investment opportunity set. We find that diversification into REITs increases both the Sharpe ratio and the certainty equivalent of wealth for all investment horizons and for both classical and Bayesian (who account for parameter uncertainty) investors. The increases in Sharpe ratios are often statistically significant. However, the out‐of‐sample average Sharpe ratio and realized expected utility of long‐horizon portfolios are frequently lower than that of a one‐period portfolio, which casts doubt on the value of time diversification.

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  • Carolina Fugazza & Massimo Guidolin & Giovanna Nicodano, 2009. "Time and Risk Diversification in Real Estate Investments: Assessing the Ex Post Economic Value," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 37(3), pages 341-381, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reesec:v:37:y:2009:i:3:p:341-381
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6229.2009.00245.x
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    2. Mohamed Arouri & Duc Khuong Nguyen & Kuntara Pukthuanthong, 2014. "Diversification benefits and strategic portfolio allocation across asset classes: The case of the US markets," Working Papers 2014-294, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.
    3. Mensi, Walid & Reboredo, Juan C. & Ugolini, Andrea & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2022. "Switching connectedness between real estate investment trusts, oil, and gold markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
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    14. George Yungchih Wang, 2012. "Evaluating an Investment Project in an Incomplete Market," The Review of Finance and Banking, Academia de Studii Economice din Bucuresti, Romania / Facultatea de Finante, Asigurari, Banci si Burse de Valori / Catedra de Finante, vol. 4(1), pages 055-073, June.
    15. Yener Cos‚kun & A. Sevtap Selcuk-Kestel & Bilgi Yilmaz, 2017. "Diversification benefit and return performance of REITs using CAPM and Fama-French: Evidence from Turkey," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 17(4), pages 199-215, December.
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    17. Salisu, Afees A. & Akinsomi, Omokolade & Ametefe, Frank Kwakutse & Hammed, Yinka S., 2024. "Gold market volatility and REITs' returns during tranquil and turbulent episodes," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
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    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • L85 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Real Estate Services

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