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Returns transmission, value at risk, and diversification benefits in international REITs: evidence from the financial crisis

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  • Chiuling Lu
  • Yiuman Tse
  • Michael Williams

Abstract

We examine daily cross-market return interactions and downside risk between a US REIT returns index and the return indexes of twelve international REIT markets. These relationships are investigated for a period of normal REIT market conditions as well as for periods of inflating and collapsing REIT prices. We find that US REIT returns are contemporaneously correlated with other REITs most strongly during the bubble and crash market conditions where the US REIT market is an almost unilateral transmitter of returns. We also find that the Value at Risk (VaR) of the least capitalized REIT markets is proportionally higher during base/normal market conditions but that the largest REIT markets have the highest VaR contribution during the crash (financial crisis) period. Overall, our evidence indicates that REIT market risk shifted to the largest REIT markets and that diversification benefits eroded considerably during turbulent market conditions. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Chiuling Lu & Yiuman Tse & Michael Williams, 2013. "Returns transmission, value at risk, and diversification benefits in international REITs: evidence from the financial crisis," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 293-318, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:rqfnac:v:40:y:2013:i:2:p:293-318
    DOI: 10.1007/s11156-012-0274-3
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    1. Sulaiman Al-Jassar & Imad A. Moosa, 2020. "Country Effects, Industry Effects and the Effectiveness of International Diversification Within the GCC Region," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(04), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Kim Hiang Liow & Qing Ye, 2018. "Regime dependent volatilities and correlation in international securitized real estate markets," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 45(3), pages 457-487, August.
    3. Cherif Famara Badji & Cristiane Benetti & Renato Guimaraes, 2021. "Diversification Benefits of European REIT, Equities and Bonds," Post-Print hal-03592183, HAL.
    4. Wang, Gang-Jin & Xie, Chi, 2015. "Correlation structure and dynamics of international real estate securities markets: A network perspective," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 424(C), pages 176-193.
    5. Mensi, Walid & Reboredo, Juan C. & Ugolini, Andrea & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2022. "Switching connectedness between real estate investment trusts, oil, and gold markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    6. Yener Cos‚kun & A. Sevtap Selcuk-Kestel & Bilgi Yilmaz, 2017. "Diversification benefit and return performance of REITs using CAPM and Fama-French: Evidence from Turkey," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 17(4), pages 199-215, December.
    7. Grant Alexander Wilson & Jason Jogia, 2024. "Examining personal financial advisors’ knowledge, client recommendations, and personal investments in private real estate and real estate investment trusts (REITs)," Journal of Financial Services Marketing, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 29(3), pages 729-744, September.
    8. Salisu, Afees A. & Akinsomi, Omokolade & Ametefe, Frank Kwakutse & Hammed, Yinka S., 2024. "Gold market volatility and REITs' returns during tranquil and turbulent episodes," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
    9. Benjamin Blau & Jared Egginton & Matthew Hill, 2016. "REITs and market friction," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 1-24, January.
    10. Marfatia, Hardik A. & Gupta, Rangan & Cakan, Esin, 2017. "The international REIT’s time-varying response to the U.S. monetary policy and macroeconomic surprises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 640-653.
    11. Elie Bouri & Rangan Gupta & Shixuan Wang, 2022. "Nonlinear contagion between stock and real estate markets: International evidence from a local Gaussian correlation approach," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(2), pages 2089-2109, April.
    12. Huang, MeiChi & Wu, Chu-Hua & Cheng, I-Shan, 2021. "A truly global crisis? Evidence from contagion dependence across international REIT markets," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    13. Bonato, Matteo & Çepni, Oğuzhan & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2021. "Do oil-price shocks predict the realized variance of U.S. REITs?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    14. Benjamin Blau & Jared F. Egginton & Matthew Hill, 2016. "REITs and market friction," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 1-24, January.
    15. Han, Yingwei & Li, Ping & Xia, Yong, 2017. "Dynamic robust portfolio selection with copulas," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 190-200.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Return transmission; International diversification; Value-at-risk; Real estate investment trust; Financial crisis; C58; G01; G11; G15;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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