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Assessing the Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS on Nigerian Households: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

Author

Listed:
  • David Canning

    (Harvard School of Public Health)

  • Ajay Mahal

    (Harvard School of Public Health)

  • Kunle Odumosu
  • Prosper OkonkwoZhiwei

    (Harvard School of Public Health)

Abstract

We assess the impact of HIV/AIDS on individuals’ health care utilization and spending in the Oyo and Plateau states of Nigeria and income foregone from work time lost. Data was from a 2004 survey of nearly 1,500 households, including 482 individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Estimating the effect of HIV is complicated by the fact that our sample of HIV positive individuals is non-random; there are selection effects, both in acquiring HIV, and in being in our sample our HIV positive people, which was based on contacts through non-governmental organizations. To overcome this selection effect, we compare HIV positive people with a control group with similar observed characteristics, using propensity score matching. The matched control group has very different health and economic outcomes than a random sample of the population indicating that our HIV sample would not have had "average" outcomes even if they had not acquired HIV. HIV is associated with significantly increased morbidity, health care utilization, public health facility use, lost work time and increased time devoted to care-giving relative to outcomes in the control group. Direct health care costs and indirect income loss per HIV positive individual were 16,569 Naira, about 32% of annual income per capita in affected households. About 40% of these costs are income losses associated with sickness and care-giving. 15% of the cost of HIV is accounted for by public subsidies on health. The largest single economic cost, representing 45% of the total economic burden of HIV, are out of pocket expenses, mainly for health care.

Suggested Citation

  • David Canning & Ajay Mahal & Kunle Odumosu & Prosper OkonkwoZhiwei, 2006. "Assessing the Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS on Nigerian Households: A Propensity Score Matching Approach," PGDA Working Papers 1606, Program on the Global Demography of Aging.
    • Handle: RePEc:gdm:wpaper:1606
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    File URL: http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/pgda/WorkingPapers/2006/PGDA_WP_16.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yamano, Takashi & Jayne, T. S., 2004. "Measuring the Impacts of Working-Age Adult Mortality on Small-Scale Farm Households in Kenya," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 91-119, January.
    2. David Canning, 2006. "The Economics of HIV/AIDS in Low-Income Countries: The Case for Prevention," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 20(3), pages 121-142, Summer.
    3. Donovan, Cynthia & Bailey, Linda & Mpyisi, Edson & Weber, Michael T., 2003. "Prime-Age Adult Morbidity and Mortality in Rural Rwanda: Effects on Household Income, Agricultural Production, and Food Security Strategies," Food Security Collaborative Working Papers 55387, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
    4. Mr. Rodolphe Blavy & Mr. Anupam Basu & Mr. Murat  Yulek, 2004. "Microfinance in Africa: Experience and Lessons From Selected African Countries," IMF Working Papers 2004/174, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Sascha O. Becker & Andrea Ichino, 2002. "Estimation of average treatment effects based on propensity scores," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 2(4), pages 358-377, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Marie-Charlotte BUISSON, 2012. "Allocation du temps de travail des femmes au Sénégal - Travaux domestiques et activités génératrices de revenus," Working Papers 201209, CERDI.
    2. Thornton, Rebecca L., 2012. "HIV testing, subjective beliefs and economic behavior," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(2), pages 300-313.
    3. Paul Gavaza & Karen Rascati & Abiola Oladapo & Star Khoza, 2010. "The State of Health Economic Evaluation Research in Nigeria," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 28(7), pages 539-553, July.
    4. Marie-Charlotte Buisson, 2012. "Allocation du temps de travail des femmes au Sénégal - Travaux domestiques et activités génératrices de revenus," CERDI Working papers halshs-00673119, HAL.

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    Keywords

    HIV; Nigeria; Economic Impacts; Households; Direct Costs; Propensity Score;
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