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Do gender disparities exist despite a negative gender earnings gap?

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  • Caraballo-Cueto, José
  • Segarra-Alméstica, Eileen

Abstract

In 2009, for the first time, Puerto Rico’s unconditional median earnings gender gap presented a statistically significant negative sign. We document the elements that lead to an overall improvement in women’s economic position and find that the unconditional earnings gap turns positive once observable characteristics are considered. For instance, we find that the negative gender gap disappears when we adjust for educational attainments as a new indicator of gender gaps. In general, relative differences in returns on education and a glass ceiling effect moderated by dependent children are two of the explanatory factors allowing for the continuation of gender disparities within groups. There is also a direct association between women’s representation in a given occupation/education group and the gender earnings gap.

Suggested Citation

  • Caraballo-Cueto, José & Segarra-Alméstica, Eileen, 2019. "Do gender disparities exist despite a negative gender earnings gap?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 123120, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:123120
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hugo Ñopo, 2008. "Matching as a Tool to Decompose Wage Gaps," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 90(2), pages 290-299, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Melanie Jones & Ezgi Kaya, 2022. "The gender pay gap: what can we learn from Northern Ireland? [Women’s labour market participation in Northern Ireland: a re-examination of the ‘traditionalism’ argument]," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 74(1), pages 94-114.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender pay gap; underrepresented; maternal wall; return to education; discrimination;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies

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