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Modelling Value-Added Tax in the Presence of Multiproduction and Differentiated Exemptions

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  • James Giesecke
  • Nhi Hoang Tran

Abstract

We develop a framework for economy-wide modelling of value-added tax systems. Our framework models a number of complexities of VAT systems as they are implemented by tax agencies. In particular, we model multiple rates, multiple exemptions, multiple degrees of refundability across commodity users, and multi-product enterprises. A detailed VAT framework, such as that which we present in this paper, is important for correct modelling of VAT within a general equilibrium model. Such a framework is also of value in correctly calculating the distribution of indirect tax payments in CGE model databases, a prerequisite of accurate welfare impact calculations. We use the model to analyse the effects of simplifying Vietnam's complex VAT system. We simplify the system by moving from three tax rates to one budget-neutral rate, while also removing many discretionary exemptions. We find that the policy lifts real private consumption spending, our welfare measure, by an average of 0.9 per cent over our simulation period, 2008-2018.

Suggested Citation

  • James Giesecke & Nhi Hoang Tran, 2009. "Modelling Value-Added Tax in the Presence of Multiproduction and Differentiated Exemptions," Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre Working Papers g-182, Victoria University, Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre.
    • Handle: RePEc:cop:wpaper:g-182
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    Cited by:

    1. Konstantins Benkovskis & Olegs Matvejevs, 2023. "The New Version of Latvian CGE Model," Working Papers 2023/02, Latvijas Banka.
    2. Céline DE QUATREBARBES & Luc SAVARD & Dorothée BOCCANFUSO, 2011. "Can the removal of VAT Exemptions support the Poor? The Case of Niger," Working Papers 201106, CERDI.
    3. Zaki, Chahir, 2010. "A Global Assessment of the Trade Facilitation Effects: the Case of MIRAGE Model," Conference papers 331990, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    4. Anum Saeed & Adeel Ahmad & Khalid Zaman, 2012. "Validity of the Value Added Tax in the SAARC Region," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 15(45), pages 143-170, September.
    5. Dietl Helmut M & Jaag Christian & Lang Markus & Trinkner Urs W.O., 2011. "Competition and Welfare Effects of VAT Exemptions," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 11(1), pages 1-29, April.
    6. Renyan Mu & Nigatu Mengesha Fentaw & Lu Zhang, 2022. "The Impacts of Value-Added Tax Audit on Tax Revenue Performance: The Mediating Role of Electronics Tax System, Evidence from the Amhara Region, Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-22, May.
    7. Jason Nassios & John Madden & James Giesecke & Janine Dixon & Nhi Tran & Peter Dixon & Maureen Rimmer & Philip Adams & John Freebairn, 2019. "The economic impact and efficiency of state and federal taxes in Australia," Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre Working Papers g-289, Victoria University, Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre.
    8. Marc Jim M. Mariano & James A. Giesecke & Nhi H. Tran, 2015. "The effects of domestic rice market interventions outside business-as-usual conditions for imported rice prices," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(8), pages 809-832, February.
    9. Keshab Bhattarai & Dung Thi Kim Nguyen & Chan Van Nguyen, 2019. "Impacts of Direct and Indirect Tax Reforms in Vietnam: A CGE Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-36, May.
    10. Majid Shahmoradi & Hasan Atri., 2017. "Identification and Ranking the Current Barriers in National Tax System (The Comprehensive Tax Plan)," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(6), pages 1-82, June.
    11. James A. Giesecke & Nhi H. Tran, 2018. "The National and Regional Consequences of Australia's Goods and Services Tax," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 94(306), pages 255-275, September.
    12. de Quatrebarbes, Céline & Boccanfuso, Dorothée & Savard, Luc, 2016. "Beyond representative households: The macro–micro impact analysis of VAT designs applied to Niger," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 76-92.
    13. Nataliya Gres, 2017. "Value Added Tax: Certain Features of Its Administration in Ukraine," Oblik i finansi, Institute of Accounting and Finance, issue 4, pages 98-106, December.
    14. Konstantins Benkovskis & Eduards Goluzins & Olegs Tkacevs, 2016. "CGE model with fiscal sector for Latvia," Working Papers 2016/01, Latvijas Banka.
    15. Felici Francesco & Maria Gesualdo, 2014. "Fiscal extension to ORANI-IT: a computable general equilibrium model for Italy," Working Papers 8, Department of the Treasury, Ministry of the Economy and of Finance.
    16. Dasalegn Mosissa Jalata, 2014. "Taxation for Economic Growth: Evidence from Ethiopia," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 2(7), pages 294-300, July.
    17. Warwick, Ross & Harris, Tom & Phillips, David & Goldman, Maya & Jellema, Jon & Inchauste, Gabriela & Goraus-Tańska, Karolina, 2022. "The redistributive power of cash transfers vs VAT exemptions: A multi-country study," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    18. Jason Nassios & James Giesecke, 2022. "Property Tax Reform: Implications for Housing Prices and Economic Productivity," Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre Working Papers g-330, Victoria University, Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre.
    19. Alarudeen Aminu, 2019. "A recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium analysis of value-added tax policy options for Nigeria," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 8(1), pages 1-38, December.
    20. Céline de Quatrebarbes & Savard Luc & Boccanfuso Dorothée, 2011. "Can the suppression of VAT exemption support the poor? The case of Niger," EcoMod2011 3227, EcoMod.
    21. Bhattarai, Keshab & Benjasak, Chonlakan, 2021. "Growth and redistribution impacts of income taxes in the Thai Economy: A dynamic CGE analysis," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 23(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    value added tax; dynamic CGE model; Vietnam; indirect tax reform;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C68 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computable General Equilibrium Models
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation

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