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Environmental Policy, Public Interest and Political Market

Author

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  • Paul Lanoie
  • Jérôme Moreau
  • Georges A. Tanguay

Abstract

In this article, we highlight the factors which influence governments in their decision to implement environmental policies of varying degrees of severity. We substantiate our arguments with analytical evidence from public interest theory and the economic theory of regulation (interest group theory). We demonstrate, through empirical analysis based on the policies of the 22 most developed OECD countries, that pressure groups have sufficient impact on environmental regulation for us to be sure that economic theory outweighs public interest theory. Ces dernières décennies, nous avons été témoins d'une prise de conscience collective sur les problèmes affectant la sauvegarde de notre patrimoine terrestre. Cependant, cette implication des pouvoirs publics dans ce domaine n'est pas uniforme. En effet, les législations adoptées à l'échelle de la planète varient encore grandement dans leur application, d'un pays à l'autre. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à cet état de fait en mettant notamment en exergue les facteurs qui influencent les États à instaurer une réglementation plus ou moins stricte. Pour ce faire, nous étayerons notre argumentation grâce aux éléments d'analyse apportés par la théorie de l'intérêt public et par ceux de la théorie économique de la réglementation (théorie souvent mentionnée comme théorie des groupes d'intérêt). Nous nous apercevrons, au gré d'un travail empirique visant à analyser les politiques des 22 pays les plus développés de l'OCDE, que les groupes de pression ont un impact suffisant sur la réglementation environnementale pour nous assurer de la prépondérance de la thèse stiglerienne (théorie économique) sur la théorie de l'intérêt public ou général.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Lanoie & Jérôme Moreau & Georges A. Tanguay, 2001. "Environmental Policy, Public Interest and Political Market," CIRANO Working Papers 2001s-37, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2001s-37
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