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Environmental regulation and development : a cross-country empirical analysis

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  • Mody, Ashoka
  • Roy, Subhendu
  • Wheeler, David
  • Dasgupta, Susmita

Abstract

The authors develop comparative indices of environmental policy and performance for 31 countries using a quantified analysis of reports prepared for the United Nations Conference on Environmental and Development. In cross-country regressions, they find a very strong, continuous association between their indicators and national income per capita, particularly when adjusted for purchasing power parity. Their results suggest a characteristic progression in development. Poor agrarian economies focus first on natural resource protection. With increased urbanization and industrialization, countries move from initial regulation of water pollution to air pollution control. The authors highlight the importance of institutional development. Environmental regulation is more advanced in developing countries with relatively secure property rights, effective legal and judicial systems, and efficient public administration.

Suggested Citation

  • Mody, Ashoka & Roy, Subhendu & Wheeler, David & Dasgupta, Susmita, 1995. "Environmental regulation and development : a cross-country empirical analysis," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1448, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:1448
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. World Bank, 1992. "World Development Report 1992," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 5975.
    2. Wheeler, David & Mody, Ashoka, 1992. "International investment location decisions : The case of U.S. firms," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(1-2), pages 57-76, August.
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