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Common Ground Between Free-Traders and Environmentalists

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  • Karp, Larry S.
  • Sacheti, Sandeep
  • Zhao, Jinhua

Abstract

We use a North-South model with property right differences and resource dynamics to study the effects of trade on resource use and welfare. Autarky is likely to Pareto-dominate free trade in the long run when the environment is quite fragile, and the result is reversed when the environment is quite resilient. Trade may cause an environmentally poor country to drag down" its richer trading partner; in this case, both countries degrade their stocks when these would be preserved under autarky. Alternatively, trade may enable the environmentally richer country to pull up" its partner; in this case both countries preserve their stocks when these would be degraded under autarky. These results rationalize the positions of environmentalists and free-traders. The direction of trade may change over time, but in steady states it is either inefficient or indeterminate. In the former case, a switch to autarky would increase global welfare.

Suggested Citation

  • Karp, Larry S. & Sacheti, Sandeep & Zhao, Jinhua, 1999. "Common Ground Between Free-Traders and Environmentalists," CUDARE Working Papers 25042, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ucbecw:25042
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.25042
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    Cited by:

    1. González-Val, Rafael & Pueyo, Fernando, 2019. "Natural resources, economic growth and geography," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 150-159.
    2. Karp, Larry, 2005. "Property rights, mobile capital, and comparative advantage," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(2), pages 367-387, August.
    3. Gulati, Sumeet, 2001. "The Effects of Choosing Free Trade on Endogenous Environmental Regulation and Welfare: A Model of Common Agency Government," 2001 Annual meeting, August 5-8, Chicago, IL 20449, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    4. Eggert, HÃ¥kan & Greaker, Mads, 2009. "Effects of Global Fisheries on Developing Countries: Possibilities for Income and Threat of Depletion," RFF Working Paper Series dp-10-09-02-efd, Resources for the Future.
    5. Michele Ruta & Anthony J. Venables, 2012. "International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 4(1), pages 331-352, August.
    6. Akihiko Yanase, 2010. "Trade, Strategic Environmental Policy, and Global Pollution," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(3), pages 493-512, August.
    7. Richter, Andries & van Soest, Daan & Grasman, Johan, 2013. "Contagious cooperation, temptation, and ecosystem collapse," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 141-158.
    8. Gallegos, Alberto & Régibeau, Pierre, 2004. "Managed Trade, Trade liberalisation and Local Pollution," Economics Discussion Papers 8877, University of Essex, Department of Economics.
    9. Karp, Larry & Zhao, Jinhua & Sacheti, Sandeep, 2003. "The long-run effects of environmental reform in open economies," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 246-264, March.
    10. Erwin Bulte & Edward Barbier, 2005. "Trade and Renewable Resources in a Second Best World: An Overview," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 30(4), pages 423-463, April.
    11. Barbier, Edward B. & Bulte, Erwin H., 2004. "Introduction to the symposium on trade, renewable resources and biodiversity," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 883-890, September.
    12. Harvey E. Lapan & Shiva Sikdar, 2017. "Can Trade Be Good for the Environment?," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 19(2), pages 267-288, April.
    13. Horatiu A. Rus, 2016. "Renewable Resources, Pollution and Trade," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 364-391, May.
    14. Hamaguchi, Yoshihiro, 2023. "Environmental tax evasion as a determinant of the Porter and pollution haven hypotheses in a corrupt political system," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 610-633.
    15. Cremer, Helmuth & Gahvari, Firouz, 2006. "Which border taxes? Origin and destination regimes with fiscal competition in output and emission taxes," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(10-11), pages 2121-2142, November.
    16. Anriquez, Gustavo, 2002. "Trade And The Environment: An Economic Literature Survey," Working Papers 28598, University of Maryland, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    17. Zaman, Rubaiya, 2012. "CO2 Emissions, Trade Openness and GDP Percapita : Bangladesh Perspective," MPRA Paper 48515, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Bård Harstad, 2022. "Trade, Trees, and Contingent Trade Agreements," CESifo Working Paper Series 9596, CESifo.
    19. Bård Harstad, 2020. "Trade and Trees: How Trade Agreements Can Motivate Conservation Instead of Depletion," CESifo Working Paper Series 8569, CESifo.
    20. Akihiho Yanase, 2013. "Free trade may save a renewable resource from exhaustion," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 33(1), pages 226-233.
    21. Gang Li & Akihiko Yanase, 2022. "Trade, Resource Use and Pollution: A Synthesis," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 83(3), pages 861-901, November.
    22. Toma, Pierluigi & Frittelli, Massimo & Apergis, Nicholas, 2023. "The economic sustainability of optimizing feedstock imports with environmental constraints," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PB).
    23. Larry Karp & Armon Rezai, 2022. "Trade and Resource Sustainability with Asset Markets," Dynamic Games and Applications, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 929-953, September.
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    25. Mr. Muthukumara Mani & Mr. Per G. Fredriksson, 2002. "The Rule of Law and the Pattern of Environment Protection," IMF Working Papers 2002/049, International Monetary Fund.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy;

    JEL classification:

    • D5 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • O20 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - General
    • Q2 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation

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