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Auswirkungen einer Erleichterung des Arbeitsmarktzuganges für Asylsuchende in Österreich

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  • Julia Bock-Schappelwein
  • Peter Huber

Abstract

Aus Asylgründen nach Österreich zugewanderte Personen weisen einen hohen Anteil an mittleren Qualifikationen auf, der aber in den rezenten Kohorten gesunken ist. Aus Asylgründen Zugewanderte, die erst kurz in Österreich sind, und aus Asylgründen zugewanderte Frauen sind dabei gegenüber anderen Zuwanderungsruppen in ihrer Arbeitsmarktintegration benachteiligt. In den Jahren 2006 bis 2014 erhielten außerdem nur 2.840 Asylwerbern und Asylwerberinnen als Erntehelfer in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft bzw. im Sommer-oder Wintertourismus einen Arbeitsplatz. Zumeist erhielt dabei ein Asylwerber bzw. eine Asylwerberin nur eine Bewilligung pro Jahr, und die durchschnittliche Dauer des Beschäftigungsverhältnisses in einer solchen Bewilligung betrug etwa 120 Tage. Die Kontingentarbeitsplätze konzentrieren sich auch auffällig auf Personen aus dem früheren Jugoslawien und der Türkei. Die möglichen Lohn-, Verteilungs- und Verdrängungswirkungen einer großzügigeren Gestaltung des Arbeitsmarktzuganges für Asylwerber und Asylwerberinnen während der Laufzeit ihrer Verfahren dürften aber gering sein. Als einzige nennenswerte Auswirkung zeigen sich in einer Simulation eine kurzfristige Erhöhung der Arbeitslosenquote um 0,1 bis 0,2 Prozentpunkte und ein anschließender – allerdings sehr langsamer – Rückgang.

Suggested Citation

  • Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Peter Huber, 2015. "Auswirkungen einer Erleichterung des Arbeitsmarktzuganges für Asylsuchende in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59410.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:59410
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    Cited by:

    1. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Andrea Egger & Felix Kranner & Gabriele Schmied, 2022. "Integration von Frauen auf dem niederösterreichischen Arbeitsmarkt," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 69835.
    2. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Peter Huber, 2022. "Flüchtlinge aus der Ukraine. Erwartete Entwicklung und Herausforderungen," WIFO Research Briefs 8, WIFO.
    3. Peter Huber & Martin Spielauer, 2020. "Return and Onward Migration and Labour Market Entry. Empirical Analysis and Microsimulation Projection for Austria," WIFO Working Papers 616, WIFO.
    4. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Peter Huber, 2016. "Zur Arbeitsmarktintegration von Asylsuchenden in Österreich," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(3), pages 157-169, March.
    5. Peter Mayerhofer & Matthias Firgo & Stefan Schönfelder, 2015. "Vierter Bericht zur internationalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit Wiens," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60625.
    6. Peter Huber & Georg Böhs, 2016. "Erfassung von Asylwerberinnen und Asylwerbern des Jahres 2015 auf Grundlage von Krankenversicherungsdaten und deren Arbeitsmarktkarriere," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60719.
    7. Peter Huber & Georg Böhs, 2017. "Erfassung von Asylwerberinnen und Asylwerbern der Jahre 2005 bis 2014 auf Grundlage von Krankenversicherungsdaten und deren Arbeitsmarktkarriere," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60720, August.

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