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Gewerkschaftlicher Organisationsgrad im internationalen Vergleich

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  • Lesch, Hagen

Abstract

Ein internationaler Vergleich der Mitgliederentwicklung von Gewerkschaften weist Deutschland als ein Land mit unterdurchschnittlichem Organisationsgrad aus. Seit der Wiedervereinigung ist der Organisationsgrad von 36 Prozent auf zuletzt gut 23 Prozent gesunken. Die höchsten Mitgliederzahlen weisen die Gewerkschaften in den skandinavischen Ländern und in Belgien auf. Dort vertreten sie weit mehr als die Hälfte aller Arbeitnehmer, in Schweden sind sogar acht von zehn abhängig Beschäftigten Mitglied einer Gewerkschaft. Im langfristigen Vergleich fällt auf, dass die Verankerung der Arbeitnehmervertretungen in den Betrieben in vielen Ländern seit mehr als 20 Jahren bröckelt. Dies ist unter anderem auf den sektoralen Strukturwandel, auf die erfolgreiche Bekämpfung der Inflation und zum Teil auch auf die gestiegene Arbeitslosigkeit zurückzuführen. Aber auch institutionelle Regelungen sind von großer Bedeutung. Dort, wo die Gewerkschaften die Arbeitslosenversicherung organisieren, haben sie auch die meisten Mitglieder und können entgegen dem allgemeinen Trend sogar Mitgliederzuwächse erzielen.

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  • Lesch, Hagen, 2004. "Gewerkschaftlicher Organisationsgrad im internationalen Vergleich," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 31(2), pages 5-15.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:156868
    DOI: 10.2373/1864-810X.04-02-01
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schnabel, Claus & Wagner, Joachim, 2005. "Determinants of Union Membership in 18 EU Countries : Evidence from Micro Data, 2002/03," Discussion Papers 31, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics.
    2. Ines Blohm & Sebastian Briel & Martina Pauly & Uta Heumann & Claudia Br lin, 2006. "Comparative Human Resource Management in the European Banking Sector: The Effect of Collective Bargaining Power on Working Conditions," LIS Working papers 450, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
    3. Hagen Lesch, 2004. "Trade Union Density in International Comparison," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(04), pages 12-18, December.
    4. Hagen Lesch, 2004. "Trade Union Density in International Comparison," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(4), pages 12-18, December.
    5. Schnabel, Claus, 2005. "Gewerkschaften und Arbeitgeberverbände: Organisationsgrade, Tarifbindung und Einflüsse auf Löhne und Beschäftigung (Trade unions and employers' associations * densities, bargaining coverage and effect," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 38(2/3), pages 181-196.
    6. Schnabel, Claus, 2005. "Gewerkschaften und Arbeitgeberverbände: Organisationsgrade, Tarifbindung und Einflüsse auf Löhne und Beschäftigung (Trade unions and employers' associations * densities, bargaining coverage and effect," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 38(2/3), pages 181-196.
    7. Schnabel, Claus, 2005. "Gewerkschaften und Arbeitgeberverbände: Organisationsgrade, Tarifbindung und Einflüsse auf Löhne und Beschäftigung (Trade unions and employers' associations * densities, bargaining coverage and effect," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 38(2/3), pages 181-196.

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