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A Cost‐Benefit Analysis of Alternative Device Configurations for Aviation‐Checked Baggage Security Screening

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  • Sheldon H. Jacobson
  • Tamana Karnani
  • John E. Kobza
  • Lynsey Ritchie

Abstract

The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 have resulted in dramatic changes in aviation security. As of early 2003, an estimated 1,100 explosive detection systems (EDS) and 6,000 explosive trace detection machines (ETD) have been deployed to ensure 100% checked baggage screening at all commercial airports throughout the United States. The prohibitive costs associated with deploying and operating such devices is a serious issue for the Transportation Security Administration. This article evaluates the cost effectiveness of the explosive detection technologies currently deployed to screen checked baggage as well as new technologies that could be used in the future. Both single‐device and two‐device systems are considered. In particular, the expected annual direct cost of using these devices for 100% checked baggage screening under various scenarios is obtained and the tradeoffs between using single‐ and two‐device strategies are studied. The expected number of successful threats under the different checked baggage screening scenarios with 100% checked baggage screening is also obtained. Lastly, a risk‐based screening strategy proposed in the literature is analyzed. The results reported suggest that for the existing security setup, with current device costs and probability parameters, single‐device systems are less costly and have fewer expected number of successful threats than two‐device systems due to the way the second device affects the alarm or clear decision. The risk‐based approach is found to have the potential to significantly improve security. The cost model introduced provides an effective tool for the execution of cost‐benefit analyses of alternative device configurations for aviation‐checked baggage security screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Sheldon H. Jacobson & Tamana Karnani & John E. Kobza & Lynsey Ritchie, 2006. "A Cost‐Benefit Analysis of Alternative Device Configurations for Aviation‐Checked Baggage Security Screening," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(2), pages 297-310, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:26:y:2006:i:2:p:297-310
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00736.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John E. Kobza & Sheldon H. Jacobson, 1996. "Addressing the Dependency Problem in Access Security System Architecture Design," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(6), pages 801-812, December.
    2. Arnold Barnett, 2004. "CAPPS II: The Foundation of Aviation Security?," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(4), pages 909-916, August.
    3. Julie L. Virta & Sheldon H. Jacobson & John E. Kobza, 2003. "Analyzing the Cost of Screening Selectee and Non‐Selectee Baggage," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(5), pages 897-908, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qianmei Feng, 2007. "On Determining Specifications and Selections of Alternative Technologies for Airport Checked‐Baggage Security Screening," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(5), pages 1299-1310, October.
    2. Aniruddha Bagchi & Jomon Aliyas Paul, 2014. "Optimal Allocation of Resources in Airport Security: Profiling vs. Screening," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 62(2), pages 219-233, April.
    3. Mark G. Stewart & John Mueller, 2018. "Risk and economic assessment of U.S. aviation security for passenger-borne bomb attacks," Journal of Transportation Security, Springer, vol. 11(3), pages 117-136, December.
    4. Nie, Xiaofeng, 2019. "The impact of conditional dependence on checked baggage screening," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 278(3), pages 883-893.
    5. Yan, Xihong & Ren, Xiaorong & Nie, Xiaofeng, 2022. "A budget allocation model for domestic airport network protection," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 82(PB).
    6. David Madigan & Sushil Mittal & Fred Roberts, 2011. "Efficient sequential decision‐making algorithms for container inspection operations," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(7), pages 637-654, October.
    7. Hunt, Kyle & Agarwal, Puneet & Zhuang, Jun, 2021. "Technology adoption for airport security: Modeling public disclosure and secrecy in an attacker-defender game," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).

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