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Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review

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  • Edward McCann
  • Michael Brown

Abstract

Aims and objectives To explore homelessness among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning plus (LGBTQ+) youth and to identify their support and care requirements. Background LGBTQ+ youth face many health and societal challenges including issues related to homelessness. Design A systematic review of qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies. Methods A search of relevant electronic databases was carried out and included the dates August 2008–August 2018 and limited to academic journals and peer‐reviewed empirical studies written in English. Included studies specifically addressed the homeless experiences of youth aged 13–24 years old who identified as LGBTQ+. The PRISMA checklist was used in the review. A quality assessment instrument was used to review all of the selected papers and narrative methods utilised in the synthesis of the research evidence. Results The search resulted in 319 papers, and after applying distinct inclusion criteria, a total of 14 papers were considered suitable for the systematic review. Following analysis, the four main themes identified were stigma, discrimination and exclusion; mental health issues and substance use; sexual risks and vulnerability; and interventions and supports. Conclusion LGBTQ+ homeless youth is a major public health concern that has significant consequences for a young person's physical and psychosocial well‐being. Relevance to clinical practice Practitioners need to be aware of the specific health and support requirements of LGBTQ+ youth in relation to homelessness. Inclusive and holistic care plans should exist that are fully responsive to the distinct needs of this group guided by definitive policies and sound clinical research. The implications for future nursing practice are presented and discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Edward McCann & Michael Brown, 2019. "Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(11-12), pages 2061-2072, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jocnur:v:28:y:2019:i:11-12:p:2061-2072
    DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14818
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grant, R. & Gracy, D. & Goldsmith, G. & Shapiro, A. & Redlener, I.E., 2013. "Twenty-five years of child and family homelessness: Where are we now?," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(S2), pages 1-10.
    2. Kate Jackman & Judy Honig & Walter Bockting, 2016. "Nonsuicidal self‐injury among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender populations: an integrative review," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(23-24), pages 3438-3453, December.
    3. Corliss, H.L. & Goodenow, C.S. & Nichols, L. & Bryn Austin, S., 2011. "High burden of homelessness among sexual-minority adolescents: Findings from a representative massachusetts high school sample," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(9), pages 1683-1689.
    4. Tyler, Kimberly A. & Akinyemi, Sarah L. & Kort-Butler, Lisa A., 2012. "Correlates of service utilization among homeless youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(7), pages 1344-1350.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nancy Vargas & Jesse L. Clark & Ivan A. Estrada & Cynthia De La Torre & Nili Yosha & Mario Magaña Alvarez & Richard G. Parker & Jonathan Garcia, 2022. "Critical Consciousness for Connectivity: Decoding Social Isolation Experienced by Latinx and LGBTQ+ Youth Using a Multi-Stakeholder Approach to Health Equity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-29, September.
    2. Goodyear, Trevor & Chayama, Koharu Loulou & Oliffe, John L. & Kia, Hannah & Fast, Danya & Mniszak, Caroline & Knight, Rod & Jenkins, Emily, 2024. "Intersecting transitions among 2S/LGBTQ+ youth experiencing homelessness: A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    3. Hobaica, Steven & Price, Myeshia N. & DeChants, Jonah P. & Davis, Carrie K. & Nath, Ronita, 2024. "Justice involvement and mental health in LGBTQ young people," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    4. Ugueto, Ana M. & Lucassen, Mathijs F.G., 2022. "Differences in suicidality and psychological symptoms between sexual and gender minority youth compared to heterosexual and cisgender youth in a psychiatric hospital," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    5. Stacey Wilson & Andrea McCloughen & Jenny Parr & Debra Jackson, 2019. "“If you are homeless you are welcome here”: Social obligations for the homeless and socially disadvantaged," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(15-16), pages 2721-2723, August.
    6. Cannas Aghedu, Fabio & Blais, Martin & Philibert, Mathieu & Côté, Isabel & Samoilenko, Mariia & Chamberland, Line, 2022. "Social resource patterns and health outcomes among Canadian LGBTQ2+ adults: A latent class analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).

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