IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/jfutmk/v41y2021i7p1124-1153.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effects of structural changes on the prediction of downside volatility in futures markets

Author

Listed:
  • Xu Gong
  • Boqiang Lin

Abstract

We develop a heterogeneous autoregressive model of downside volatility (HAR‐DV) model with structural changes (HAR‐DV‐SC) model to investigate the effects of structural changes on predicting downside volatility. Then we employ HAR‐DV and HAR‐DV‐SC models to forecast downside volatilities in S&P 500 index, crude oil, gold, copper, and soybean futures markets. The in‐sample analysis shows that structural changes contain in‐sample information for predicting downside volatility. The out‐of‐sample analysis indicates that the HAR‐DV‐SC model outperforms the HAR‐DV model, suggesting that structural changes contain incremental out‐of‐sample information on future downside volatility. These results are robust and have important implications for risk management of stakeholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu Gong & Boqiang Lin, 2021. "Effects of structural changes on the prediction of downside volatility in futures markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(7), pages 1124-1153, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:41:y:2021:i:7:p:1124-1153
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.22207
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.22207
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/fut.22207?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jozef Baruník & Evžen KoÄ enda b,a & Lukáš Vácha, 2016. "Volatility Spillovers Across Petroleum Markets," The Energy Journal, , vol. 37(1), pages 136-158, January.
    2. Segal, Gill & Shaliastovich, Ivan & Yaron, Amir, 2015. "Good and bad uncertainty: Macroeconomic and financial market implications," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(2), pages 369-397.
    3. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2018. "The incremental information content of investor fear gauge for volatility forecasting in the crude oil futures market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 370-386.
    4. Yang, Ke & Tian, Fengping & Chen, Langnan & Li, Steven, 2017. "Realized volatility forecast of agricultural futures using the HAR models with bagging and combination approaches," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 276-291.
    5. Chevallier, Julien & Sévi, Benoît, 2012. "On the volatility–volume relationship in energy futures markets using intraday data," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1896-1909.
    6. Andrew J. Patton & Kevin Sheppard, 2015. "Good Volatility, Bad Volatility: Signed Jumps and The Persistence of Volatility," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 97(3), pages 683-697, July.
    7. Libing Fang & Baizhu Chen & Honghai Yu & Yichuo Qian, 2018. "The importance of global economic policy uncertainty in predicting gold futures market volatility: A GARCH‐MIDAS approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 413-422, March.
    8. Francesco Audrino & Yujia Hu, 2016. "Volatility Forecasting: Downside Risk, Jumps and Leverage Effect," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 4(1), pages 1-24, February.
    9. Barunik, Jozef & Krehlik, Tomas & Vacha, Lukas, 2016. "Modeling and forecasting exchange rate volatility in time-frequency domain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 251(1), pages 329-340.
    10. Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2015. "Structural breaks, dynamic correlations, asymmetric volatility transmission, and hedging strategies for petroleum prices and USD exchange rate," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 46-60.
    11. Diebold, Francis X & Mariano, Roberto S, 2002. "Comparing Predictive Accuracy," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(1), pages 134-144, January.
    12. Baruník, Jozef & Kočenda, Evžen & Vácha, Lukáš, 2016. "Asymmetric connectedness on the U.S. stock market: Bad and good volatility spillovers," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 55-78.
    13. Tian, Fengping & Yang, Ke & Chen, Langnan, 2017. "Realized volatility forecasting of agricultural commodity futures using the HAR model with time-varying sparsity," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 132-152.
    14. Wen, Fenghua & Gong, Xu & Cai, Shenghua, 2016. "Forecasting the volatility of crude oil futures using HAR-type models with structural breaks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 400-413.
    15. Bruno Feunou & Mohammad R Jahan-Parvar & Cédric Okou, 2018. "Downside Variance Risk Premium," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 16(3), pages 341-383.
    16. Peter R. Hansen & Asger Lunde & James M. Nason, 2011. "The Model Confidence Set," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 79(2), pages 453-497, March.
    17. Byun, Suk Joon & Cho, Hangjun, 2013. "Forecasting carbon futures volatility using GARCH models with energy volatilities," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 207-221.
    18. Arouri, Mohamed El Hedi & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Lahiani, Amine & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2012. "Long memory and structural breaks in modeling the return and volatility dynamics of precious metals," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 207-218.
    19. Söhnke M. Bartram & Gregory Brown & René M. Stulz, 2012. "Why Are U.S. Stocks More Volatile?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(4), pages 1329-1370, August.
    20. Xilong Chen & Eric Ghysels, 2011. "News--Good or Bad--and Its Impact on Volatility Predictions over Multiple Horizons," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 24(1), pages 46-81, October.
    21. Yang, Cai & Gong, Xu & Zhang, Hongwei, 2019. "Volatility forecasting of crude oil futures: The role of investor sentiment and leverage effect," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 548-563.
    22. Pelagatti Matteo M, 2009. "Modelling Good and Bad Volatility," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, March.
    23. Laurent, Sébastien & Rombouts, Jeroen V.K. & Violante, Francesco, 2013. "On loss functions and ranking forecasting performances of multivariate volatility models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 173(1), pages 1-10.
    24. Charfeddine, Lanouar, 2014. "True or spurious long memory in volatility: Further evidence on the energy futures markets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 76-93.
    25. Charles, Amélie & Darné, Olivier, 2014. "Large shocks in the volatility of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index: 1928–2013," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 188-199.
    26. Chkili, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2014. "Volatility forecasting and risk management for commodity markets in the presence of asymmetry and long memory," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1-18.
    27. Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2016. "Global financial crisis and spillover effects among the U.S. and BRICS stock markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 257-276.
    28. repec:dau:papers:123456789/6887 is not listed on IDEAS
    29. Chris Tofallis, 2015. "A better measure of relative prediction accuracy for model selection and model estimation," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 66(8), pages 1352-1362, August.
    30. Michael Graham & Jussi Nikkinen, 2011. "Co-movement of the Finnish and international stock markets: a wavelet analysis," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(5-6), pages 409-425.
    31. Sévi, Benoît, 2014. "Forecasting the volatility of crude oil futures using intraday data," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 235(3), pages 643-659.
    32. Yaw‐Huei Wang & Kuang‐Chieh Yen, 2019. "The information content of the implied volatility term structure on future returns," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 25(2), pages 380-406, March.
    33. Farinelli, Simone & Tibiletti, Luisa, 2008. "Sharpe thinking in asset ranking with one-sided measures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 185(3), pages 1542-1547, March.
    34. Rania Jammazi & Duc Khuong Nguyen, 2017. "Estimating and forecasting portfolio’s Value-at-Risk with wavelet-based extreme value theory: Evidence from crude oil prices and US exchange rates," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 68(11), pages 1352-1362, November.
    35. Xu Gong & Boqiang Lin, 2018. "Structural breaks and volatility forecasting in the copper futures market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 290-339, March.
    36. Fenghua Wen & Yupei Zhao & Minzhi Zhang & Chunyan Hu, 2019. "Forecasting realized volatility of crude oil futures with equity market uncertainty," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(59), pages 6411-6427, December.
    37. Lux, Thomas & Segnon, Mawuli & Gupta, Rangan, 2016. "Forecasting crude oil price volatility and value-at-risk: Evidence from historical and recent data," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 117-133.
    38. Wang, Yudong & Wu, Chongfeng & Yang, Li, 2016. "Forecasting crude oil market volatility: A Markov switching multifractal volatility approach," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 1-9.
    39. Dai, Zhifeng & Zhou, Huiting & Wen, Fenghua & He, Shaoyi, 2020. "Efficient predictability of stock return volatility: The role of stock market implied volatility," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    40. Barnett, William A. & Chauvet, Marcelle & Leiva-Leon, Danilo, 2016. "Real-time nowcasting of nominal GDP with structural breaks," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 191(2), pages 312-324.
    41. Kai‐Jiun Chang & Mao‐Wei Hung & Yaw‐Huei Wang & Kuang‐Chieh Yen, 2019. "Volatility information implied in the term structure of VIX," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 56-71, January.
    42. Klein, Tony & Walther, Thomas, 2016. "Oil price volatility forecast with mixture memory GARCH," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 46-58.
    43. Yudong Wang & Chongfeng Wu & Li Yang, 2015. "Hedging with Futures: Does Anything Beat the Naïve Hedging Strategy?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(12), pages 2870-2889, December.
    44. Chris Tofallis, 2015. "A better measure of relative prediction accuracy for model selection and model estimation," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 66(3), pages 524-524, March.
    45. Jushan Bai & Pierre Perron, 2003. "Computation and analysis of multiple structural change models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(1), pages 1-22.
    46. Bruno Feunou & Mohammad R. Jahan-Parvar & Roméo Tédongap, 2013. "Modeling Market Downside Volatility," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 17(1), pages 443-481.
    47. Zhu, Xuehong & Zhang, Hongwei & Zhong, Meirui, 2017. "Volatility forecasting using high frequency data: The role of after-hours information and leverage effects," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 58-70.
    48. Blasques, F. & Koopman, S.J. & Mallee, M. & Zhang, Z., 2016. "Weighted maximum likelihood for dynamic factor analysis and forecasting with mixed frequency data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 193(2), pages 405-417.
    49. Chang, Tsung-Sheng & Tone, Kaoru & Wu, Chen-Hui, 2016. "DEA models incorporating uncertain future performance," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 254(2), pages 532-549.
    50. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2017. "Forecasting the good and bad uncertainties of crude oil prices using a HAR framework," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 315-327.
    51. Ceylan, Ozcan, 2012. "Time-Varying Volatility Asymmetry: A Conditioned HAR-RV(CJ) EGARCH-M Model," GIAM Working Papers 12-4, Galatasaray University Economic Research Center.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2018. "Structural changes and out-of-sample prediction of realized range-based variance in the stock market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 494(C), pages 27-39.
    2. Xu Gong & Boqiang Lin, 2022. "Predicting the volatility of crude oil futures: The roles of leverage effects and structural changes," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 610-640, January.
    3. Xu Gong & Boqiang Lin, 2018. "Structural breaks and volatility forecasting in the copper futures market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 290-339, March.
    4. Luo, Jiawen & Ji, Qiang & Klein, Tony & Todorova, Neda & Zhang, Dayong, 2020. "On realized volatility of crude oil futures markets: Forecasting with exogenous predictors under structural breaks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    5. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2018. "The incremental information content of investor fear gauge for volatility forecasting in the crude oil futures market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 370-386.
    6. Chen, Yixiang & Ma, Feng & Zhang, Yaojie, 2019. "Good, bad cojumps and volatility forecasting: New evidence from crude oil and the U.S. stock markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 52-62.
    7. Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain, 2020. "The predictive power of oil price shocks on realized volatility of oil: A note," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    8. Hasanov, Akram Shavkatovich & Poon, Wai Ching & Al-Freedi, Ajab & Heng, Zin Yau, 2018. "Forecasting volatility in the biofuel feedstock markets in the presence of structural breaks: A comparison of alternative distribution functions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 307-333.
    9. Li, Wenlan & Cheng, Yuxiang & Fang, Qiang, 2020. "Forecast on silver futures linked with structural breaks and day-of-the-week effect," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    10. Bissoondoyal-Bheenick, Emawtee & Brooks, Robert & Do, Hung Xuan & Smyth, Russell, 2020. "Exploiting the heteroskedasticity in measurement error to improve volatility predictions in oil and biofuel feedstock markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    11. Zhang, Yaojie & Ma, Feng & Wei, Yu, 2019. "Out-of-sample prediction of the oil futures market volatility: A comparison of new and traditional combination approaches," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1109-1120.
    12. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2017. "Forecasting the good and bad uncertainties of crude oil prices using a HAR framework," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 315-327.
    13. Jiqian Wang & Feng Ma & M.I.M. Wahab & Dengshi Huang, 2021. "Forecasting China's Crude Oil Futures Volatility: The Role of the Jump, Jumps Intensity, and Leverage Effect," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(5), pages 921-941, August.
    14. Xie, Nan & Wang, Zongrun & Chen, Sicen & Gong, Xu, 2019. "Forecasting downside risk in China’s stock market based on high-frequency data," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 517(C), pages 530-541.
    15. Lee, Hwang Hee & Hyun, Jung-Soon, 2019. "The asymmetric effect of equity volatility on credit default swap spreads," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 125-136.
    16. Mei, Dexiang & Ma, Feng & Liao, Yin & Wang, Lu, 2020. "Geopolitical risk uncertainty and oil future volatility: Evidence from MIDAS models," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    17. Yang, Cai & Gong, Xu & Zhang, Hongwei, 2019. "Volatility forecasting of crude oil futures: The role of investor sentiment and leverage effect," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 548-563.
    18. Chao Liang & Feng Ma & Lu Wang & Qing Zeng, 2021. "The information content of uncertainty indices for natural gas futures volatility forecasting," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(7), pages 1310-1324, November.
    19. Qu, Hui & Li, Guo, 2023. "Multi-perspective investor attention and oil futures volatility forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    20. Qiao, Gaoxiu & Teng, Yuxin & Li, Weiping & Liu, Wenwen, 2019. "Improving volatility forecasting based on Chinese volatility index information: Evidence from CSI 300 index and futures markets," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 133-151.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:41:y:2021:i:7:p:1124-1153. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-7314/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.