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The Effects of Civil Gang Injunctions on Reported Violent Crime: Evidence from Los Angeles County

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  • Grogger, Jeffrey

Abstract

Several cities have recently adopted civil injunctions as a means to reduce gang violence. To evaluate the effectiveness of such injunctions, I develop an extensive database of neighborhood-level reported crime counts from four police jurisdictions within Los Angeles County. I construct two different comparison samples of neighborhoods not covered by injunctions to control for underlying trends that could cause one to overstate the injunctions' effects. The analysis indicates that, in the first year after the injunctions are imposed, they lead the level of violent crime to decrease by 5-10 percent. Copyright 2002 by the University of Chicago.

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  • Grogger, Jeffrey, 2002. "The Effects of Civil Gang Injunctions on Reported Violent Crime: Evidence from Los Angeles County," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 45(1), pages 69-90, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jlawec:v:45:y:2002:i:1:p:69-90
    DOI: 10.1086/338348
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    1. Angrist, Joshua D. & Krueger, Alan B., 1999. "Empirical strategies in labor economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 23, pages 1277-1366, Elsevier.
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    2. Disney, Richard & Gathergood, John & Machin, Stephen & Sandi, Matteo, 2020. "Does homeownership reduce crime? A radical housing reform in Britain," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 108426, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Hoshino, Tetsuya & Kamada, Takuma, 2020. "Enforcement against Organized Crime Fosters Illegal Markets: Evidence from the Yakuza," SocArXiv r4cmb, Center for Open Science.
    4. Evans, William N. & Kotowski, Maciej H., 2024. "The demand for protection and the persistently high rates of gun violence among young black males," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    5. Anna Aizer, 2007. "Neighborhood Violence and Urban Youth," NBER Chapters, in: The Problems of Disadvantaged Youth: An Economic Perspective, pages 275-307, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Faggio, G., 2022. "The Impact of Business Improvement Districts on Crime," Working Papers 22/03, Department of Economics, City University London.
    7. Christophe Bellégo & Joeffrey Drouard, 2019. "Does It Pay to Fight Crime? Evidence From the Pacification of Slums in Rio de Janeiro," Working Papers 2019-08, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    8. Gisela Bichler & Alexis Norris & Citlalik Ibarra, 2020. "Evolving Patterns of Aggression: Investigating the Structure of Gang Violence during the Era of Civil Gang Injunctions," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Seals, Richard Alan & Stern, Liliana V., 2013. "Cognitive ability and the division of labor in urban ghettos: Evidence from gang activity in U.S. data," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 140-149.
    10. Gravel, Jason & Bouchard, Martin & Descormiers, Karine & Wong, Jennifer S. & Morselli, Carlo, 2013. "Keeping promises: A systematic review and a new classification of gang control strategies," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 41(4), pages 228-242.
    11. Richard Disney & John Gathergood & Stephen Machin & Matteo Sandi, 2023. "Does Homeownership Reduce Crime? A Radical Housing Reform from the UK," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 133(655), pages 2640-2675.
    12. Leah Brooks, 2006. "Volunteering To Be Taxed: Business Improvement Districts And The Extra-Governmental Provision Of Public Safety," Departmental Working Papers 2006-04, McGill University, Department of Economics.
    13. Monica P. Bhatt & Sara B. Heller & Max Kapustin & Marianne Bertrand & Christopher Blattman, 2023. "Predicting and Preventing Gun Violence: An Experimental Evaluation of READI Chicago," NBER Working Papers 30852, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Aili Malm & George Tita, 2006. "A spatial analysis of green teams: a tactical response to marijuana production in British Columbia," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 39(4), pages 361-377, December.
    15. Brooks, Leah, 2008. "Volunteering to be taxed: Business improvement districts and the extra-governmental provision of public safety," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(1-2), pages 388-406, February.
    16. Faria João Ricardo & Mixon Franklin G. & Upadhyaya Ashish & Upadhyaya Kamal P., 2019. "Gang Rivalry and Crime: A Differential Game Approach," Review of Law & Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 15(2), pages 1-30, July.
    17. Aaron Chalfin & Michael LaForest & Jacob Kaplan, 2021. "Can Precision Policing Reduce Gun Violence? Evidence from “Gang Takedowns” in New York City," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(4), pages 1047-1082, September.
    18. Cheng, Cheng & Long, Wei, 2022. "The effect of highly publicized police killings on policing: Evidence from large U.S. cities," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    19. Kate Bowers & Shane Johnson & Rob T. Guerette & Lucia Summers & Suzanne Poynton, 2011. "Spatial Displacement And Diffusion Of Benefits Among Geographically Focused Policing Initiatives," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(1), pages 1-144.

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