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Optimal stack layout in a sea container terminal with automated lifting vehicles

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  • Akash Gupta
  • Debjit Roy
  • René de Koster
  • Sampanna Parhi

Abstract

Container terminal performance is largely determined by its design decisions, which include the number and type of quay cranes, stack cranes, transport vehicles, vehicle travel path and stack layout. We investigate the orientation of the stack layout (parallel or perpendicular to the quayside) on the throughput time performance of the terminals. Previous studies in this area typically use deterministic optimisation, and a few studies use probabilistic travel times and simulation to analyse the effect of stack layout on terminal throughput times. In this research, we capture the stochasticity with an integrated queuing network modelling approach to analyse the performance of container terminals with parallel stack layout using automated lifting vehicles. Using this analytical model, we investigate 1008 parallel stack layout configurations on throughput times and determine the optimal stack layout configuration. We find that, assuming an identical width of the internal transport area, container terminals with parallel stack layout perform better (from 4–12% in terms of container throughput times) than terminals with a perpendicular stack layout.

Suggested Citation

  • Akash Gupta & Debjit Roy & René de Koster & Sampanna Parhi, 2017. "Optimal stack layout in a sea container terminal with automated lifting vehicles," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(13), pages 3747-3765, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:tprsxx:v:55:y:2017:i:13:p:3747-3765
    DOI: 10.1080/00207543.2016.1273561
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    Cited by:

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    3. Serkan Karakas & Mehmet Kirmizi & Batuhan Kocaoglu, 2021. "Yard block assignment, internal truck operations, and berth allocation in container terminals: introducing carbon-footprint minimisation objectives," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 23(4), pages 750-771, December.
    4. Xiaoju Zhang & Yue Gu & Yuqing Yang & Baoli Liu, 2023. "Comparing the Efficiency of Two Types of Yard Layout in Container Terminals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, April.
    5. Nanxi Wang & Daofang Chang & Xiaowei Shi & Jun Yuan & Yinping Gao, 2019. "Analysis and Design of Typical Automated Container Terminals Layout Considering Carbon Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-40, May.
    6. Zhang, Xiaoju & Jia, Nan & Song, Dongping & Liu, Baoli, 2024. "Modelling and analyzing the stacking strategies in automated container terminals," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    7. Amir Gharehgozli & Nima Zaerpour & Rene Koster, 2020. "Container terminal layout design: transition and future," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 22(4), pages 610-639, December.
    8. Basallo-Triana, Mario José & Bravo-Bastidas, Juan José & Vidal-Holguín, Carlos Julio, 2022. "A rail-road transshipment yard picture," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    9. Kumawat, Govind Lal & Roy, Debjit & De Koster, René & Adan, Ivo, 2021. "Stochastic modeling of parallel process flows in intra-logistics systems: Applications in container terminals and compact storage systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(1), pages 159-176.
    10. Facchini, F. & Digiesi, S. & Mossa, G., 2020. "Optimal dry port configuration for container terminals: A non-linear model for sustainable decision making," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 164-178.

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