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Scientific Labour Markets, Networks and Regional Innovation Systems

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  • Helen Lawton Smith
  • Rupert Waters

Abstract

Lawton Smith H. and Waters R. Scientific labour markets, networks and regional innovation systems, Regional Studies. While quality of the labour force in a locality is the single most important component of local competitiveness, the regional innovation systems literature has relatively neglected processes of labour force development. This paper addresses two questions: What is the role of labour markets in the making of regions as innovative systems? and What is the role of labour markets in regional innovation systems? The labour market and specifically the networks that exist between highly skilled workers are positioned at the centre of the analysis, using evidence from the UK high-technology economies of Cambridgeshire and Oxfordshire. Lawton Smith H. and Waters R. 高技术劳动力市场、网络以及区域创新系统，区域研究。 一个地区劳动力质量高低是决定地方竞争力的唯一重要因素，区域创新系统的相关文 献却忽略了劳动力的发展过程。本文强调两个问题：劳动力市场在促使区域成为创新 系统的过程中起到什么作用？劳动力市场在区域创新系统中起到什么作用？研究分析 的核心定位在劳动力市场，尤其是存在于高技术劳动力之间的网络关系；相关证据来 自英国剑桥郡以及牛津郡高技术经济体。 高技术劳动力市场 区域创新系统 牛津郡与剑桥郡 Lawton Smith H. et Waters R. Les marches du travail, les reseaux et les systemes regionaux d'innovation scientifiques, Regional Studies. Tandis que la qualite de la main d'oeuvre au sein d'une region constitue le facteur sine qua non de la competitivite locale, la documentation a propos des sytemes regionaux d'innovation n'a pas tenu compte toutes proportions gardees du processus du developpement de la main-d'oeuvre. Cet article cherche a aborder deux questions: primo, Qu'est-ce que c'est le role des marches du travail pour ce qui concerne la construction des regions en tant que systemes d'innovation? et secundo, Qu'est-ce que c'est le role des marches du travail dans les systemes regionaux d'innovation? Employant des donnees provenant des economies a la pointe de la technologie situees dans le Cambridgeshire et dans l'Oxfordshire, au Royaume-Uni, on positionne au coeur de l'analyse le marche du travail et, plus particulierement, les reseaux de travailleurs hautement qualifies. Marches du travail scientifiques Systemes regionaux d'innovation Oxfordshire et Cambridgeshire Lawton Smith H. und Waters R. Wissenschaftliche Arbeitsmarkte, Netzwerke und regionale Innovationssysteme, Regional Studies. Die Qualitat der Arbeitskrafte an einem Ort ist die wichtigste Einzelkomponente der lokalen Wettbewerbsfahigkeit, doch die Prozesse bei der Weiterbildung von Arbeitskraften wurden in der Literatur uber regionale Innovationssysteme bisher eher vernachlassigt. In diesem Beitrag werden zwei Fragen untersucht: (i) welche Rolle spielen die Arbeitsmarkte bei der Gestaltung von Regionen als innovativen Systemen und (ii) welche Rolle spielen die Arbeitsmarkte in regionalen Innovationssystemen. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse stehen der Arbeitsmarkt und insbesondere die Netzwerke zwischen hochqualifizierten Arbeitnehmern; hierfur nutzen wir Belege aus den britischen Hochtechnologie-Wirtschaften von Cambridgeshire und Oxfordshire. Wissenschaftliche Arbeitsmarkte Regionale Innovationssysteme Oxfordshire und Cambridgeshire Lawton Smith H. y Waters R. Mercados laborales en el campo cientifico, redes y sistemas de innovacion regional, Regional Studies. Aunque la calidad de la poblacion activa en una comunidad es el componente unico y mas importante de la competitividad local, la literatura sobre los sistemas de innovacion regional tiende a ignorar los procesos del desarrollo de la fuerza de trabajo. En este articulo planteamos dos cuestiones: ¿Cual es la funcion de los mercados laborales en convertir a las regiones en sistemas innovadores? y ¿cual es la funcion de los mercados laborales en los sistemas de innovacion regional? La base de este analisis son el mercado laboral y en concreto las redes que existen entre trabajadores altamente cualificados con ayuda de ejemplos de las economias britanicas de alta tecnologia en los condados de Cambridge y Oxford. Mercados laborales cientificos Sistemas de innovacion regional Condados de Oxford y Cambridge

Suggested Citation

  • Helen Lawton Smith & Rupert Waters, 2011. "Scientific Labour Markets, Networks and Regional Innovation Systems," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(7), pages 961-976.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:45:y:2011:i:7:p:961-976
    DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2011.557655
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Berry, Christopher R. & Glaeser, Edward L., 2005. "Divergence of Human Capital Levels across Cities," Working Paper Series rwp05-057, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
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    5. Christopher R. Berry & Edward L. Glaeser, 2005. "The Divergence of Human Capital Levels Across Cities," NBER Working Papers 11617, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cepoi Victor, 2023. "The Diaspora’s influence on Regional Innovation Performance – a new theoretical and empirical approach toward understanding it," Social Change Review, Sciendo, vol. 20(1), pages 45-76, December.
    2. Helen Lawton Smith & Dave Chapman & Peter Wood & Timothy Barnes & Saverio Romeo, 2014. "Entrepreneurial Academics and Regional Innovation Systems: The Case of Spin-Offs from London's Universities," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 32(2), pages 341-359, April.
    3. Helen Lawton Smith & Saverio Romeo, 2012. "Entrepreneurship and innovation: Oxfordshire’s high-tech economy–firm survival, growth and innovation," Chapters, in: Charlie Karlsson & Börje Johansson & Roger R. Stough (ed.), Entrepreneurship, Social Capital and Governance, chapter 2, pages 27-52, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Robert Tijssen & Wouter van de Klippe & Alfredo Yegros, 2020. "Localization, regionalization and globalization of university‐business research co‐operation in the United Kingdom," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(5), pages 1215-1236, October.
    5. Fürst, Dietrich, 2014. "Kann die Regionalplanung die Raumplanung retten?," Arbeitsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Küpper, Patrick & Levin-Keitel, Meike & Maus, Friederike & Müller, Peter & Reimann, Sara & Sonderman (ed.), Raumentwicklung 3.0 - Gemeinsam die Zukunft der räumlichen Planung gestalten, volume 8, pages 50-61, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
    6. Bellmann, Lutz & Crimmann, Andreas & Evers, Katalin & Hujer, Reinhard, 2013. "Regional Determinants of Establishments' Innovation Activities: A Multi-Level Approach," IZA Discussion Papers 7572, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Lutz Bellmann & Katalin Evers & Reinhard Hujer, 2018. "Regional and firm-specific effects on innovations using multi-level methods," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 61(2), pages 319-349, September.
    8. Charlotte Schlump & Thomas Brenner, 2013. "Firm's cooperation activities: The relevance of public research, proximity and personal ties - A study of technology-oriented firms in East Germany," Working Papers on Innovation and Space 2013-06, Philipps University Marburg, Department of Geography.

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