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Emergence of Economic Institutions: Analysing the Third Role of Universities in Turku, Finland

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  • Smita Srinivas
  • Kimmo Viljamaa

Abstract

Srinivas S. and Viljamaa K. Emergence of economic institutions: analysing the Third Role of universities in Turku, Finland, Regional Studies . How do universities become economic development institutions? The normative 'Third Role' in Europe refers to universities taking on explicit economic development mandates such as greater technology transfer, and commercial outputs, without providing much of a compass for institutional change. It is argued that universities transform themselves into economic institutions against a changing canvas of national welfare by a process of 'task-oriented institutionalization' which involves both individual action and university strategy. Two universities' interactions with firms in Turku, Finland's biotechnology concentration, are investigated. Using universities as a lens, notable gaps are found in frameworks on how economic institutions emerge, and the paper concludes with five hypotheses for future studies on universities, institutions, and economic development. Srinivas S. et Viljamaa K. La naissance des institutions �conomiques - Une analyse du troisi�me rôle des universit�s � Turku en Finlande, Regional Studies . Comment, les universit�s, est-ce qu'elles deviennent des institutions �conomiques? En Europe, le 'Troisi�me rôle' normatif fait allusion aux universit�s qui assument une comp�tence �conomique bien rep�r�e, telle le transfert de la technologie, et des rendements commerciaux, sans conduire le changement institutionnel. On affirme que les universit�s se transforment en institutions �conomiques sur fond d'un welfare national en pleine �volution par un processus 'd'institutionnalisation orient�e vers la pratique' qui n�cessite � la fois l'action individuelle et une strat�gie universitaire. On examine l'interaction de deux universit�s situ�es � Turku, pôle biotechnologique finlandais, et des entreprises. En se servant des universit�s comme point de mire, il s'av�re d'importantes lacunes dans les cadres qui font naître les institutions �conomiques. On conclut par avancer cinq hypoth�ses de travail sur les universit�s, les institutions et le d�veloppement �conomique. D�veloppement �conomique; Institutions; Mod�les de planification; Universit�s; Am�nagement du territoire; Politique des sciences et de la technologie; Finlande Srinivas S. und Viljamaa K. Die Entstehung von Wirtschaftsinstitutionen: Analyse der Dritten Rolle von Universit�ten in Turku (Finnland), Regional Studies . Wie werden aus Universit�ten Institutionen zur Wirtschaftsentwicklung? Die normative ,Dritte Rolle' in Europa bezieht sich darauf, dass Universit�ten explizite Mandate zur Wirtschaftsentwicklung �bernehmen, zum Beispiel zum verst�rkten Technologietransfer und zu h�herer Wirtschaftsleistung, ohne dass jedoch ein nennenswerter Kompass f�r institutionelle Ver�nderung vorgegeben w�rde. Wir argumentieren, dass Universit�ten vor einem sich wandelnden Hintergrund des nationalen Wohlfahrtswesens von selbst zu Wirtschaftsinstitutionen werden, indem sie einem Prozess der ,aufgabenorientierten Institutionalisierung' folgen, der sowohl individuelle Handlungen als auch universit�re Strategie umfasst. Wir untersuchen die Wechselwirkungen zwischen zwei Universit�ten und Firmen in Turku, dem finnischen Ballungsraum f�r Biotechnologie. Indem wir die Universit�ten als Vergr�ßerungsglas nutzen, finden wir erhebliche L�cken in den Strukturen, innerhalb derer sich Wirtschaftsinstitutionen entwickeln. Wir schließen mit f�nf Hypothesen f�r k�nftige Studien �ber Universit�ten, Institutionen und Wirtschaftsentwicklung. Wirtschaftsentwicklung; Institutionen; Planungsmodelle; Universit�ten; Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung; Wissenschafts- und Technologiepolitik; Finnland Srinivas S. y Viljamaa K. Evoluci�n de instituciones econ�micas: An�lisis del tercer papel de las universidades en Turku, Finlandia, Regional Studies . ¿C�mo se convierten las universidades en instituciones de desarrollo econ�mico? La normativa del 'tercer papel' en Europa hace referencia a que las universidades asuman mandatos expl�citos de desarrollo econ�mico tales como una mayor transferencia en tecnolog�a y producci�n comercial, sin introducir muchas pautas para cambios institucionales. Sostenemos que las universidades se transforman en instituciones econ�micas contra un modelo de cambio en el bienestar nacional mediante un proceso de 'institucionalizaci�n orientada a las tareas' que implica una estrategia de medidas individuales y universitarias. Investigamos las interacciones de dos universidades en el centro de biotecnolog�a en Turku, Finlandia. Usando las universidades como objetivos, observamos que existen grandes lagunas en las estructuras en el modo en que evolucionan las instituciones y concluimos con cinco hip�tesis para estudios futuros sobre universidades, instituciones y desarrollo econ�mico. Desarrollo econ�mico; Instituciones; Modelos de planificaci�n; Universidades; Desarrollo urbano y regional; Pol�tica de ciencia y tecnolog�a; Finlandia;

Suggested Citation

  • Smita Srinivas & Kimmo Viljamaa, 2008. "Emergence of Economic Institutions: Analysing the Third Role of Universities in Turku, Finland," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 323-341, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:42:y:2008:i:3:p:323-341
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400701291534
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rodrigo Arocena & Judith Sutz, 2000. "Interactive Learning Spaces and Development Policies in Latin America," DRUID Working Papers 00-13, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies.
    2. Hermans, Raine & Tahvanainen, Antti-Jussi, 2002. "Ownership and Financial Structure of Biotechnology SMEs: Evidence from Finland," Discussion Papers 835, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
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    Cited by:

    1. Srinivas, Smita, 2009. "Industry policy, technological change, and the state," MPRA Paper 52691, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Martina Fromhold-Eisebith & Claudia Werker, 2013. "Universities’ functions in knowledge transfer: a geographical perspective," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 51(3), pages 621-643, December.
    3. Marianne Hörlesberger & Ivana Roche & Dominique Besagni & Thomas Scherngell & Claire François & Pascal Cuxac & Edgar Schiebel & Michel Zitt & Dirk Holste, 2013. "A concept for inferring ‘frontier research’ in grant proposals," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 97(2), pages 129-148, November.
    4. Herbst, Mikolaj & Rok, Jakub, 2013. "Mobility of human capital and its effect on regional economic development. Review of theory and empirical literature," MPRA Paper 45755, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Gál, Zoltán & Ptáček, Pavel, 2010. "The role of mid-range universities in knowledge transfer: the case of non-metropolitan regions in Central and Eastern Europe (examples from Hungary and the Czech Republic)," MPRA Paper 28358, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 18 Jan 2011.
    6. repec:sph:rjedep:v:1:y:2012:i:1:p:55-78 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Zoltan Gal, 2012. "The Role of Mid-Ranged Universities in Knowledge Transfer in Central and Eastern Europe - Sustainable University Strategies in the Era of Post-Mass Education, UDK 378. 4 : 001. 92," Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, Alliance of Central-Eastern European Universities, vol. 1(1), pages 50-70, June.
    8. Bradshaw, Amanda & de Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, 2019. "Governing energy transitions and regional economic development: Evidence from three Brazilian states," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 1-11.
    9. Théodore METAXAS & Marie-Noëlle DUQUENNE, 2017. "Partnerships and development policies for small-medium enterprises in Greece: a CFA approach," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 45, pages 131-158.
    10. Yoguel, Gabriel & Brixner, Cristián & Lerena, Octavio & Minervini, Mariana, 2021. "The relationship between universities and business: identification of thematic communities," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
    11. Šárka Hrabinová & Jiří Novosák & Oldřich Hájek & Nataša Pomazalová, 2012. "Universities, human capital, social capital and enterprise: some lessons from the Czech Republic," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 60(2), pages 91-96.

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