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Enforcement of law by the Port State Control (PSC)

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  • Kevin X. Li
  • Haisha Zheng

Abstract

Since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced the Port State Control (PSC) programme in 1982, it has been playing a vital role in the enforcement of safety law at sea worldwide. This paper addresses the effectiveness of PSC and the effectiveness of the methods for selecting ships to be inspected adopted by regional PSC. Data on ship total loss (from 1973--2003) and on the PSC records (from 1994--2005) have been collected. The study reveals that the enforcement of PSC is effective in improving the safety level of maritime transport. The methods adopted by regional PSC are compared on their effectiveness, efficiency and stability in identifying substandard ships. Suggestions are made on the improvement of the enforcement of PSC.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin X. Li & Haisha Zheng, 2008. "Enforcement of law by the Port State Control (PSC)," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(1), pages 61-71, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:marpmg:v:35:y:2008:i:1:p:61-71
    DOI: 10.1080/03088830701848912
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiao, Yi & Wang, Grace & Ge, Ying-En & Xu, Qinyi & Li, Kevin X., 2021. "Game model for a new inspection regime of port state control under different reward and punishment conditions," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    2. Jose Manuel Prieto & Victor Amor & Ignacio Turias & David Almorza & Francisco Piniella, 2021. "Evaluation of Paris MoU Maritime Inspections Using a STATIS Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(17), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Wang, Shuaian & Yan, Ran & Qu, Xiaobo, 2019. "Development of a non-parametric classifier: Effective identification, algorithm, and applications in port state control for maritime transportation," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 129-157.
    4. Ji An & Yun Liu & Yujie Sun & Chen Liu, 2020. "Impact of Work–Family Conflict, Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Seafarer Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-14, March.
    5. Jose Manuel Prieto & Víctor Amor-Esteban & David Almorza-Gomar & Ignacio Turias & Francisco Piniella, 2023. "Application of Multivariate Statistical Techniques as an Indicator of Variability of the Effects of COVID-19 on the Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-22, July.
    6. Yan, Ran & Wang, Shuaian & Fagerholt, Kjetil, 2020. "A semi-“smart predict then optimize” (semi-SPO) method for efficient ship inspection," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 100-125.
    7. Yang, Zaili & Ng, Adolf K.Y. & Wang, Jin, 2014. "A new risk quantification approach in port facility security assessment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 72-90.
    8. Xiao, Yi & Qi, Guanqiu & Jin, Mengjie & Yuen, Kum Fai & Chen, Zhuo & Li, Kevin X., 2021. "Efficiency of Port State Control inspection regimes: A comparative study," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 165-172.
    9. Graziano, Armando & Mejia, Maximo Q. & Schröder-Hinrichs, Jens-Uwe, 2018. "Achievements and challenges on the implementation of the European Directive on Port State Control," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 97-108.
    10. Yang, Zhisen & Yang, Zaili & Yin, Jingbo, 2018. "Realising advanced risk-based port state control inspection using data-driven Bayesian networks," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 38-56.
    11. Helena Ukić Boljat & Merica Slišković & Igor Jelaska & Anita Gudelj & Gorana Jelić Mrčelić, 2020. "Analysis of Pollution Related Deficiencies Identified through PSC Inspections for the Period 2014–2018," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-13, July.
    12. Wang, Yuhong & Zhang, Fan & Yang, Zhisen & Yang, Zaili, 2021. "Incorporation of deficiency data into the analysis of the dependency and interdependency among the risk factors influencing port state control inspection," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    13. Zhu, Jiang-Hong & Yang, Qiang & Jiang, Jun, 2023. "Identifying crucial deficiency categories influencing ship detention: A method of combining cloud model and prospect theory," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    14. Jelena Nikcevic, 2018. "Montenegro on the Path to Paris MoU Accession: Towards Achieving a Sustainable Shipping Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    15. Xuecheng Tian & Yanxia Guan & Shuaian Wang, 2023. "A Decision-Focused Learning Framework for Vessel Selection Problem," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-13, August.
    16. Fan, Lixian & Zhang, Meng & Yin, Jingbo & Zhang, Jinfen, 2022. "Impacts of dynamic inspection records on port state control efficiency using Bayesian network analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    17. Esma Gül Emecen Kara, 2016. "Risk Assessment in the Istanbul Strait Using Black Sea MOU Port State Control Inspections," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-17, April.
    18. Yan, Ran & Mo, Haoyu & Guo, Xiaomeng & Yang, Ying & Wang, Shuaian, 2022. "Is port state control influenced by the COVID-19? Evidence from inspection data," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 82-103.
    19. Panagiotis Sotiralis & Konstantinos Louzis & Nikolaos P Ventikos, 2019. "The role of ship inspections in maritime accidents: An analysis of risk using the bow-tie approach," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 233(1), pages 58-70, February.
    20. Armando Graziano & Pierre Cariou & François-Charles Wolff & Maximo Mejia & Jens-Uwe Schröder-Hinrichs, 2017. "Port state control inspections in the European Union: Do inspector's number and background matter?," Working Papers halshs-01649418, HAL.

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