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Water Balance Approach for Rainwater Harvesting using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, Jammu Himalaya, India

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  • A. Jasrotia
  • Abinash Majhi
  • Sunil Singh

Abstract

Judicious use of the limited fresh water resources is the need of the hour. If sufficient measures are not taken up immediately, we will face a crisis which will be detrimental to the very survival of mankind. The Kandi region of Jammu district in Jammu Himalaya is facing a similar problem of acute shortage of drinking water. One of the most logical steps towards this goal would be acknowledging the importance of rainwater harvesting. The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), North Western Himalayan Region, Jammu, has already initiated few schemes to recharge and conserve the water resources. The water resources in this study area have been estimated by water balance assessment approach. The water balance study using the Thornthwaite and Mather (TM) models with the help of remote sensing and GIS is very helpful in finding out the moisture deficit and moisture surplus for an entire watershed. The water balance calculation shows that the maximum annual runoff results from the built-up areas/water body followed by agricultural land, dense forest and minimum for the barren land and open forest. The annual deficit in the Devak–Rui watershed is 0.38 mm and the annual surplus is 1,251.34 mm. GIS software’s have been used for spatial analysis for generation of various thematic layers and integration to produce the final runoff map. The total runoff of Devak–Rui watershed was calculated as 1,160.48 mm from the total precipitation of 1,429.26 mm. It was found that suitable sites for rainwater harvesting structures in the Devak–Rui watershed covers an area of nearly 11% of the watershed area whereas the rest of the watershed area was assumed as unsuitable site for rainwater harvesting. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

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  • A. Jasrotia & Abinash Majhi & Sunil Singh, 2009. "Water Balance Approach for Rainwater Harvesting using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, Jammu Himalaya, India," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(14), pages 3035-3055, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:23:y:2009:i:14:p:3035-3055
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-009-9422-5
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    2. David Moreno-Mateos & Ülo Mander & César Pedrocchi, 2010. "Optimal Location of Created and Restored Wetlands in Mediterranean Agricultural Catchments," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(11), pages 2485-2499, September.
    3. Ajaykumar Kadam & Sanjay Kale & Nagesh Pande & N. Pawar & R. Sankhua, 2012. "Identifying Potential Rainwater Harvesting Sites of a Semi-arid, Basaltic Region of Western India, Using SCS-CN Method," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(9), pages 2537-2554, July.
    4. Jha, Madan K. & Chowdary, V.M. & Kulkarni, Y. & Mal, B.C., 2014. "Rainwater harvesting planning using geospatial techniques and multicriteria decision analysis," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 96-111.
    5. Weihua Zhang & Chaofu Wei & Jia Zhou, 2010. "Optimal Allocation of Rainfall in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(15), pages 4529-4549, December.
    6. Ray-Shyan Wu & Gabriela Lucia Letona Molina & Fiaz Hussain, 2018. "Optimal Sites Identification for Rainwater Harvesting in Northeastern Guatemala by Analytical Hierarchy Process," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(12), pages 4139-4153, September.
    7. Wang, Qi & Zhang, Dengkui & Zhou, Xujiao & Mak-Mensah, Erastus & Zhao, Xiaole & Zhao, Wucheng & Wang, Xiaoyun & Stellmach, Dan & Liu, Qinglin & Li, Xiaoling & Li, Guang & Wang, Heling & Zhang, Kai, 2022. "Optimum planting configuration for alfalfa production with ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting in a semiarid region of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    8. Adham, Ammar & Wesseling, Jan G. & Riksen, Michel & Ouessar, Mohamed & Ritsema, Coen J., 2016. "A water harvesting model for optimizing rainwater harvesting in the wadi Oum Zessar watershed, Tunisia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 191-202.
    9. Akinchan Singhai & Sandipan Das & Ajaykumar K. Kadam & J. P. Shukla & D. S. Bundela & Mahesh Kalashetty, 2019. "GIS-based multi-criteria approach for identification of rainwater harvesting zones in upper Betwa sub-basin of Madhya Pradesh, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 777-797, April.
    10. Kuldeep Tiwari & Rohit Goyal & Archana Sarkar, 2018. "GIS-based Methodology for Identification of Suitable Locations for Rainwater Harvesting Structures," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(5), pages 1811-1825, March.
    11. Mohammad Dastorani & Samaneh Poormohammadi, 2012. "Evaluation of Water Balance in a Mountainous Upland Catchment Using SEBAL Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(7), pages 2069-2080, May.
    12. R. Mazza & F. La Vigna & C. Alimonti, 2014. "Evaluating the Available Regional Groundwater Resources Using the Distributed Hydrogeological Budget," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(3), pages 749-765, February.
    13. Chi-Hsiang Wang & Jane Blackmore, 2012. "Supply–Demand Risk and Resilience Assessment for Household Rainwater Harvesting in Melbourne, Australia," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(15), pages 4381-4396, December.
    14. Md. Iftakharul Muhib & Mir Mohammad Ali & Shafi M. Tareq & Md. Mostafizur Rahman, 2023. "Nitrate Pollution in the Groundwater of Bangladesh: An Emerging Threat," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-20, May.
    15. Napoli, Marco & Cecchi, Stefano & Orlandini, Simone & Zanchi, Camillo A., 2014. "Determining potential rainwater harvesting sites using a continuous runoff potential accounting procedure and GIS techniques in central Italy," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 55-65.
    16. S. Lebel & L. Fleskens & P. Forster & L. Jackson & S. Lorenz, 2015. "Evaluation of In Situ Rainwater Harvesting as an Adaptation Strategy to Climate Change for Maize Production in Rainfed Africa," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(13), pages 4803-4816, October.
    17. Md. Islam & F. Chou & M. Kabir & C. Liaw, 2010. "Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(14), pages 3987-4008, November.
    18. Javad Hosseini & Mojtaba Shakeryari & Amir Nazari Nejad & Hamed Mastalizadeh & Mohammad Maleki & Junye Wang & Rabee Rustum & Mahdis Rahmati & Fereshteh Doostvandi & Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi, 2024. "Comparison of the Analytic Network Process and the Best–Worst Method in Ranking Urban Resilience and Regeneration Prioritization by Applying Geographic Information Systems," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, July.
    19. Ismail Chenini & Abdallah Mammou & Moufida El May, 2010. "Groundwater Recharge Zone Mapping Using GIS-Based Multi-criteria Analysis: A Case Study in Central Tunisia (Maknassy Basin)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(5), pages 921-939, March.
    20. Nadia Darwiche-Criado & Ricardo Sorando & Silvia G. Eismann & Francisco A. Comín, 2017. "Comparing Two Multi-Criteria Methods for Prioritizing Wetland Restoration and Creation Sites Based on Ecological, Biophysical and Socio-Economic Factors," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(4), pages 1227-1241, March.
    21. Asad Qureshi & Zia Ahmad & Timothy Krupnik, 2015. "Moving from Resource Development to Resource Management: Problems, Prospects and Policy Recommendations for Sustainable Groundwater Management in Bangladesh," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(12), pages 4269-4283, September.

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