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Rainwater harvesting planning using geospatial techniques and multicriteria decision analysis

Author

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  • Jha, Madan K.
  • Chowdary, V.M.
  • Kulkarni, Y.
  • Mal, B.C.

Abstract

Growing water scarcity and global climate change call for more efficient alternatives of water conservation; rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the most promising alternative among others. However, the assessment of RWH potential and the selection of suitable sites for RWH structures are very challenging for the water managers, especially on larger scales. This study addresses this challenge by presenting a fairly robust methodology for evaluating RWH potential and identifying sites/zones for different RWH structures using geospatial and multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a case study. The remote sensing data and conventional field data were used to prepare desired thematic layers using ArcGIS© software. Distributed Curve Number method was used to calculate event-based runoffs, based on which annual runoff potential and runoff coefficient maps were generated in the GIS (geographic information system) environment. Thematic layers such as slope, drainage density, and runoff coefficient and their features were assigned suitable weights and then they were integrated in a GIS to generate a RWH potential map of the study area. Zones suitable for different RWH structures were also identified, together with suitable sites for constructing recharge structures (check dams and percolation tanks along the streams). It was found that the study area can be classified into three RWH potential zones: (a) ‘good’ (241km2), (b) ‘moderate’ (476km2), and (c) ‘poor’ (287km2). About 3% of the study area (30km2) is suitable for constructing farm ponds, while percolation tanks (on the ground) can be constructed in about 2.7% of the area (27km2). Of the 83 sites identified for the recharge structures, 32 recharge sites are specially suited to the inhabitants because of their proximity. It is concluded that the integrated geospatial and MCDA techniques offer a useful and powerful tool for the planning of rainwater harvesting at a basin or sub-basin scale.

Suggested Citation

  • Jha, Madan K. & Chowdary, V.M. & Kulkarni, Y. & Mal, B.C., 2014. "Rainwater harvesting planning using geospatial techniques and multicriteria decision analysis," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 96-111.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:83:y:2014:i:c:p:96-111
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.12.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. V. Chowdary & D. Ramakrishnan & Y. Srivastava & Vinu Chandran & A. Jeyaram, 2009. "Integrated Water Resource Development Plan for Sustainable Management of Mayurakshi Watershed, India using Remote Sensing and GIS," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(8), pages 1581-1602, June.
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    6. Deepesh Machiwal & Madan Jha & Bimal Mal, 2011. "Assessment of Groundwater Potential in a Semi-Arid Region of India Using Remote Sensing, GIS and MCDM Techniques," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(5), pages 1359-1386, March.
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    1. Gdoura, Khadija & Anane, Makram & Jellali, Salah, 2015. "Geospatial and AHP-multicriteria analyses to locate and rank suitable sites for groundwater recharge with reclaimed water," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 104(PA), pages 19-30.
    2. Stec, Agnieszka & Kordana, Sabina, 2015. "Analysis of profitability of rainwater harvesting, gray water recycling and drain water heat recovery systems," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 105(PA), pages 84-94.
    3. Senapati, Ujjal & Das, Tapan Kumar, 2024. "Delineation of potential alternative agriculture region using RS and AHP-based GIS techniques in the drought prone upper Dwarakeswer river basin, West Bengal, India," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 490(C).

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