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Simulating storm surge waves for structural vulnerability estimation and flood hazard mapping

Author

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  • Adam Hatzikyriakou

    (Princeton University)

  • Ning Lin

    (Princeton University)

Abstract

Wave action during storm surge is a common cause of building damage and therefore a critical consideration when estimating structural vulnerability and mapping flood risk. Traditional depth-damage curves, however, relate building vulnerability solely to inundation depth and therefore neglect an important damage mechanism. Similarly, flood mapping studies typically emphasize expected inundation rather than wave conditions. In this study, we consider the impact of wave effects on vulnerability estimation and flood mapping using a pair of hydrodynamic models (ADCIRC + SWAN and BOUSS1D) to simulate inland storm surge flooding. The models are used to simulate flooding in a heavily impacted coastal community (Ortley Beach, New Jersey) during Hurricane Sandy (2012) and to estimate inland hazard parameters characterizing inundation, wave and velocity effects. To quantify structural vulnerability, fragility curves are developed by statistically relating the simulated hazard parameters to surveyed building damage. The results indicate that dynamic hazard characteristics such as significant wave height are the dominant predictors of severe structural damage. The flood simulation is also used to map the variation of surge and wave effects in the community. Comparing this analysis to flood zones delineated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in the community’s Flood Insurance Rate Map reveals severe wave action and building damage in a significant portion of the community deemed least exposed to flood impact. It is suspected that this misrepresentation of risk resulted from overconfidence in the performance of the community’s frontal dune under severe surge and wave actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Hatzikyriakou & Ning Lin, 2017. "Simulating storm surge waves for structural vulnerability estimation and flood hazard mapping," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 89(2), pages 939-962, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:89:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-017-3001-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-017-3001-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. K. Qu & W. Yao & H. S. Tang & A. Agrawal & G. Shields & S. I. Chien & S. Gurung & Y. Imam & I. Chiodi, 2021. "Extreme storm surges and waves and vulnerability of coastal bridges in New York City metropolitan region: an assessment based on Hurricane Sandy," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 105(3), pages 2697-2734, February.
    2. Sufia Rehman & Mehebub Sahana & Haoyuan Hong & Haroon Sajjad & Baharin Bin Ahmed, 2019. "A systematic review on approaches and methods used for flood vulnerability assessment: framework for future research," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 96(2), pages 975-998, March.
    3. Aaron Opdyke & Desmond Chiang & Anthony Tsang & Jacob Smyth, 2022. "Benchmarking household storm surge risk perceptions to scientific models in the Philippines," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(2), pages 1285-1305, November.
    4. Md Golam Rabbani Fahad & Rouzbeh Nazari & M. H. Motamedi & Maryam E. Karimi, 2020. "Coupled Hydrodynamic and Geospatial Model for Assessing Resiliency of Coastal Structures under Extreme Storm Scenarios," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(3), pages 1123-1138, February.
    5. Jon Rosales & Carol Cady & Glenn Juday & Claire Alix & Miho Morimoto & Jessica Chapman & Dakota Casserly & Sophia Katchatag, 2021. "Storm surge proxies in a data-poor landscape: a practical monitoring method for under-surveyed and -studied communities vulnerable to climate change," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 164(1), pages 1-17, January.
    6. Fahad, Md Golam Rabbani & Nazari, Rouzbeh & Motamedi, M.H. & Karimi, Maryam, 2022. "A Decision-Making Framework Integrating Fluid and Solid Systems to Assess Resilience of Coastal Communities Experiencing Extreme Storm Events," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).

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