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Vulnerability risk assessment and adaptation to climate change induced sea level rise along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt

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  • Omran Frihy
  • Mahmoud El-Sayed

Abstract

Consequence of the sea level rise (SLR) on the Mediterranean coastal areas in Egypt, particularly the Nile River Delta, has become an issue of major concern to Egypt’s population and the government. Previous publications disregard the entire Mediterranean coast of Egypt as an integral unit subject to the impacts of the SLR. This study aims to analyzing the risks, ranking the vulnerability and suggesting adaptation measures to mitigate the impact of the SLR along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Although the prominent features of Egypt’s Mediterranean coastal zone are the low lying coast of the Nile Delta, associated with land subsidence, tectonic activities and erosion; the contiguous coastal sectors are backed by shore-parallel carbonate ridges and Plateau (the western coast) and sand dune belts (Sinai coast). The coastal zone is ranked as high, moderate, and low vulnerable to the SLR. The social and biophysical vulnerabilities demonstrate the asymmetrical impacts of the SLR on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Areas at risk in the Alexandria region are Mandara and El Tarh whereas in the Nile Delta region, they are the Manzala Lagoon barrier, east and west of the Rosetta City, Gamil, and the Tineh plain. Risk associated with these impacts may be reduced provided the consideration of immediate and adequate adaptation measures. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Omran Frihy & Mahmoud El-Sayed, 2013. "Vulnerability risk assessment and adaptation to climate change induced sea level rise along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 18(8), pages 1215-1237, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:masfgc:v:18:y:2013:i:8:p:1215-1237
    DOI: 10.1007/s11027-012-9418-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. R. J. Nicholls & S. Hanson & Celine Herweijer & Nicola Patmore & Stéphane Hallegatte & Jan Corfee-Morlot & Jean Château & Robert Muir-Wood, 2008. "Ranking Port Cities with High Exposure and Vulnerability to Climate Extremes: Exposure Estimates," OECD Environment Working Papers 1, OECD Publishing.
    2. Daniel J. Stanley & Glenn A. Goodfriend, 1997. "Recent subsidence of the northern Suez canal," Nature, Nature, vol. 388(6640), pages 335-336, July.
    3. O.E. Frihy, 2003. "The Nile delta-Alexandria coast: vulnerability to sea-level rise, consequences and adaptation," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 115-138, June.
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    1. Ibrahim A. Elshinnawy & Abdulrazak H. Almaliki, 2021. "Vulnerability Assessment for Sea Level Rise Impacts on Coastal Systems of Gamasa Ras El Bar Area, Nile Delta, Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Julian David Hunt & Edward Byers, 2019. "Reducing sea level rise with submerged barriers and dams in Greenland," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(5), pages 779-794, June.
    3. Esraa A. El-Masry & Mahmoud Kh. El-Sayed & Mohamed A. Awad & Amr A. El-Sammak & Mohamed A. El Sabarouti, 2022. "Vulnerability of tourism to climate change on the Mediterranean coastal area of El Hammam–EL Alamein, Egypt," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1145-1165, January.
    4. Jie Song & Xinyu Fu & Ruoniu Wang & Zhong-Ren Peng & Zongni Gu, 2018. "Does planned retreat matter? Investigating land use change under the impacts of flooding induced by sea level rise," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 703-733, June.

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