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Determinants of COVID-19 pandemic in India: an exploratory study of Indian states and districts

Author

Listed:
  • Arvind Pandey

    (Tata Institute of Social Sciences)

  • Aseem Prakash

    (Tata Institute of Social Sciences)

  • Rajeev Agur

    (Independent Public Policy Researcher)

  • Ganesh Maruvada

    (Independent Public Policy Researcher)

Abstract

The countries across the globe are facing one of the worst infectious diseases in modern times in the form of COVID-19 pandemic. Different measures have been taken to control and manage the outbreak of COVID-19 in these countries. There are two propositions in context of effective control and management of a pandemic like COVID-19. First, a strong and effective public health care system is essential for managing the public health crisis and the uneven responses to COVID-19 are mainly because of inadequate health infrastructure. Second, the spread of COVID-19 depends on the interplay of other social determinants at local level, and therefore, addressing the gaps in social determinants of COVID-19 at local level is critical to control and manage this pandemic. The present paper attempts to examine these two propositions in Indian context at states and districts level, respectively. Using the cross-sectional data and constructing composite indices of COVID-19 intensity and level of health infrastructure at state level, the results show that there is no robust relationship between level of health infrastructure and management of COVID-19 at state level as the states with better health infrastructure are also struggling to combat against COVID-19. The district-level analysis indicates a significant relationship between concentration of COVID-19 and social determinants as majority of the districts with higher concentration of COVID-19 are those which have social determinants below national average.

Suggested Citation

  • Arvind Pandey & Aseem Prakash & Rajeev Agur & Ganesh Maruvada, 2021. "Determinants of COVID-19 pandemic in India: an exploratory study of Indian states and districts," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 23(2), pages 248-279, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jsecdv:v:23:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s40847-021-00154-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s40847-021-00154-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sarkar, Kankan & Khajanchi, Subhas & Nieto, Juan J., 2020. "Modeling and forecasting the COVID-19 pandemic in India," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    2. Abhijit Banerjee & Marcella Alsan & Emily Breza & Arun G. Chandrasekhar & Abhijit Chowdhury & Esther Duflo & Paul Goldsmith-Pinkham & Benjamin A. Olken, 2020. "Messages on COVID-19 Prevention in India Increased Symptoms Reporting and Adherence to Preventive Behaviors Among 25 Million Recipients with Similar Effects on Non-recipient Members of Their Communiti," NBER Working Papers 27496, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    COVID-19; Social determinants; Health infrastructure; Location quotient;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • Z18 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Public Policy
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

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