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A Person-Centered Analysis of Change in Children’s Peer Optimism and Its Relation to Peer Social Competence

Author

Listed:
  • Daneen P. Deptula

    (Fitchburg State University)

  • Gabrielle G. Banks

    (University of Mississippi Medical Center)

  • Sarah E. Barnes

    (Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Bradley Hospital)

  • Robert Cohen

    (University of Memphis)

Abstract

Children’s peer optimism has been shown to be associated with a variety of positive social outcomes, but little is known about changes in peer optimism over time and if these changes relate to peer social competence. Based on a sample of 114 children (children in grades 3 and 4 reassessed in grades 4 and 5) (girls = 62; boys = 52), Growth Mixture Modeling identified two profiles of children based on reported peer optimism: a group with a relatively low level of optimism that remained low (n = 45; Low/Stable); and a group with high optimism that increased over time (n = 69; High/Increasing). Comparing the social competence of children in the two profiles, children in the High/Increasing group reported greater self-social competence; were more liked and more popular by peers; and engaged in less relational aggression and withdrawal. Children in the Low/Stable group increased in overt aggression, and girls reported greater loneliness. In sum, this person-centered research empirically identified two groups of children who differed in their peer optimism from one school year to the next (low and stayed low vs high and got higher). Furthermore, group membership predicted changes in peer social functioning.

Suggested Citation

  • Daneen P. Deptula & Gabrielle G. Banks & Sarah E. Barnes & Robert Cohen, 2021. "A Person-Centered Analysis of Change in Children’s Peer Optimism and Its Relation to Peer Social Competence," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 1217-1238, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:22:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s10902-020-00270-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00270-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vermunt, Jeroen K., 2010. "Latent Class Modeling with Covariates: Two Improved Three-Step Approaches," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 450-469.
    2. Kimberly Thomson & Kimberly Schonert-Reichl & Eva Oberle, 2015. "Optimism in Early Adolescence: Relations to Individual Characteristics and Ecological Assets in Families, Schools, and Neighborhoods," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 889-913, August.
    3. Stanley Sclove, 1987. "Application of model-selection criteria to some problems in multivariate analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 52(3), pages 333-343, September.
    4. Adelle X. Yang & Oleg Urminsky, 2015. "The Foresight Effect: Local Optimism Motivates Consistency and Local Pessimism Motivates Variety," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 42(3), pages 361-377.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu, Qinyao, 2022. "Simulation of the interactive prediction of contemporary social change and religious socialization based on big data," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    2. Ana Blasco-Belled & Radosław Rogoza & Cristina Torrelles-Nadal & Carles Alsinet, 2022. "Differentiating Optimists from Pessimists in the Prediction of Emotional Intelligence, Happiness, and Life Satisfaction: A Latent Profile Analysis," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 2371-2387, June.

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