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Effects of COVID-19 lockdown phases in India: an atmospheric perspective

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  • Pramod Soni

    (MNNIT Allahabad)

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and has resulted in an ongoing pandemic. As of 5 July 2020, more than 11.1 million cases have been reported across 188 countries and territories, resulting in more than 528,000 deaths. More than 6.03 million people have recovered. The entire world population currently faces enormous challenges (i.e., social, environmental, health, and economic) due to the impact of COVID-19. In this regard, the affected countries are now trying to slow down the virus’s transmission through social-distancing, lockdowns, increasing the number of tests and treatment facilities. There have been four lockdowns (25 March 2020–31 May 2020), and two unlock periods (1 June–31 July 2020) in India. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) has been analyzed using MODIS satellite data during various phases of lockdowns over India. With the implementation of lockdown steps, AOD values dropped significantly over various regions. A significant reduction in AOD over the North-Central regions (up to −50%) compared to the regions in the South or Northeast India. The AOD over these regions was significantly affected by the lock/unlock phases. It was also observed that there was a considerable buildup of AOD during the pre-lockdown period in the year 2020 as compared to the past two years.

Suggested Citation

  • Pramod Soni, 2021. "Effects of COVID-19 lockdown phases in India: an atmospheric perspective," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(8), pages 12044-12055, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:8:d:10.1007_s10668-020-01156-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-01156-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sneha Gautam & Luc Hens, 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in India: what might we expect?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 3867-3869, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Koushik Mandal & Radhika Prosad Datta, 2022. "Analysing Time-frequency Relationship between Oil price and Sectoral Indices in India using Wavelet Techniques," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(5), pages 192-201, September.
    2. Koushik Mandal & Radhika Prosad Datta, 2024. "Oil Price Dynamics and Sectoral Indices in India – Pre, Post and during COVID Pandemic: A Comparative Evidence from Wavelet-based Causality and NARDL," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 18-33, July.
    3. Jing Wei & Zhanqing Li & Alexei Lyapustin & Jun Wang & Oleg Dubovik & Joel Schwartz & Lin Sun & Chi Li & Song Liu & Tong Zhu, 2023. "First close insight into global daily gapless 1 km PM2.5 pollution, variability, and health impact," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Chetan Joshi & Rita Karmakar, 2021. "Lemon Tree Hotels: managing business during COVID-19," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 48(4), pages 433-444, December.
    5. Ritika Jain & Rajnish Kumar, 2023. "Effect of COVID‐19 Lockdown on the Profitability of Firms in India," Economic Papers, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 42(1), pages 54-71, March.
    6. Kai Yin & Anirban Mondal & Martial Ndeffo-Mbah & Paromita Banerjee & Qimin Huang & David Gurarie, 2022. "Bayesian Inference for COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics in India Using a Modified SEIR Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-18, October.

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    Keywords

    COVID-19; AOD; India;
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