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Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India

Author

Listed:
  • Alok Sagar Gautam

    (Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University)

  • Nikhilesh Kumar Dilwaliya

    (National Institute of Technology Srinagar)

  • Ayushi Srivastava

    (Chaudhary Charan Singh University)

  • Sanjeev Kumar

    (Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University)

  • Kuldeep Bauddh

    (Central University of Jharkhand)

  • Devendraa Siingh

    (Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology)

  • M. A. Shah

    (National Institute of Technology Srinagar)

  • Karan Singh

    (Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University)

  • Sneha Gautam

    (Deemed University)

Abstract

Due to fast and deadly spread of corona virus (COVID-19), the Government of India implemented lockdown in the entire country from 25 April 2020. So, we studied the differences in the air quality index (AQI) of Delhi (DTU, Okhla and Patparganj), Haryana (Jind, Palwal and Hisar) and Uttar Pradesh (Agra, Kanpur and Greater Noida) from 17 February 2020 to 4 May 2020. The AQI was calculated by combination of individual sub-indices of seven pollutants, namely PM2.5, PM10, NO2, NH3, SO2, CO and O3, collected from the Central Pollution Control Board website. The AQI has improved by up to 30–46.67% after lockdown. The AQI slope values − 1.87, − 1.70 and − 1.35 were reported for Delhi, − 1.11, − 1.31 and − 1.04 were observed for Haryana and − 1.48, − 1.79 and − 1.78 were found for Uttar Pradesh (UP), which may be attributed to limited access of transportation and industrial facilities due to lockdown. The ozone (O3) concentration was high at Delhi because of lesser greenery as compared to UP and Haryana, which provides higher atmospheric temperature favourable for O3 formation. The air mass back trajectory (AMBT) analysis reveals the contribution of air mass from Europe, Africa and Gulf countries as well as local emissions from Indo-Gangetic Plain, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states of India.

Suggested Citation

  • Alok Sagar Gautam & Nikhilesh Kumar Dilwaliya & Ayushi Srivastava & Sanjeev Kumar & Kuldeep Bauddh & Devendraa Siingh & M. A. Shah & Karan Singh & Sneha Gautam, 2021. "Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8774-8797, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:6:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00994-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00994-6
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    1. Sneha Gautam & Luc Hens, 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in India: what might we expect?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 3867-3869, June.
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    1. Gourav Suthar & Rajat Prakash Singhal & Sumit Khandelwal & Nivedita Kaul & Vinod Parmar & Abhay Pratap Singh, 2024. "Annual and seasonal assessment of spatiotemporal variation in PM2.5 and gaseous air pollutants in Bengaluru, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 20629-20652, August.

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