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Annual and seasonal assessment of spatiotemporal variation in PM2.5 and gaseous air pollutants in Bengaluru, India

Author

Listed:
  • Gourav Suthar

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

  • Rajat Prakash Singhal

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

  • Sumit Khandelwal

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

  • Nivedita Kaul

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

  • Vinod Parmar

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

  • Abhay Pratap Singh

    (Malaviya National Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Air pollution has become a major challenge for the cities of developing countries like India. Industrial growth and development have raised the concentration of air pollutants in the city’s environment. Considering a few variables and limited monitoring sites, there is a lack of understanding of air quality in Indian cities. The present study investigates the spatiotemporal variation in the concentration of air pollutants and their relationship with meteorological parameters over three years in Bengaluru. Hourly data for PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 were collected from 10 continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations. The results show that the concentration of PM2.5 and NO2 exceeds national/international standards. Hot spots were identified with the help of air pollutants distribution maps prepared using the IDW technique. Bivariate polar plots showed that local sources mainly generated air pollution in the city. The contribution of primary air pollutants in forming secondary PM2.5 and O3 have also been studied by finding their characteristic ratios. All five air pollutants have high heterogeneity among 10 stations suggesting high spatial divergence. For PM2.5, the mean COD was noted to be 0.23. The monthly trend for PM2.5, NO2, and CO were similar, but variations were observed in O3 and SO2. All meteorological parameters Except relative humidity exhibit a weak correlation with air pollutants. This study shows that meteorological parameters have a significant role in variations in the concentration of air pollutants. This study can be helpful for the local government to develop mitigation strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Gourav Suthar & Rajat Prakash Singhal & Sumit Khandelwal & Nivedita Kaul & Vinod Parmar & Abhay Pratap Singh, 2024. "Annual and seasonal assessment of spatiotemporal variation in PM2.5 and gaseous air pollutants in Bengaluru, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 20629-20652, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:8:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03495-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03495-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pier Mannuccio Mannucci & Massimo Franchini, 2017. "Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Developing Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-8, September.
    2. Tejaswini Eregowda & Pritha Chatterjee & Digvijay S. Pawar, 2021. "Impact of lockdown associated with COVID19 on air quality and emissions from transportation sector: case study in selected Indian metropolitan cities," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 401-412, September.
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    4. Yue Tui & Jiaxin Qiu & Ju Wang & Chunsheng Fang, 2021. "Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Variation Characteristics of Main Air Pollutants in Shijiazhuang City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    5. Alok Sagar Gautam & Nikhilesh Kumar Dilwaliya & Ayushi Srivastava & Sanjeev Kumar & Kuldeep Bauddh & Devendraa Siingh & M. A. Shah & Karan Singh & Sneha Gautam, 2021. "Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8774-8797, June.
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