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Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain

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  • Samuel Garrido

    (Universitat Jaume I)

Abstract

As it is usually believed that cooperatives made a great contribution to the modernisation of agriculture and when they began to spread agriculture still had a great weight in European economies, it is of interest to know why agricultural cooperatives had uneven success, both from one crop to another and between and within countries. In this article, I focus on the intriguing case of wine, a product of great importance to Mediterranean Europe. After defending that, in actual fact, wine cooperatives were generally unable to offer members important economic advantages; I argue that they only flourished where some ‘local’ factor increased the attraction of belonging to them and, in addition, it was possible to finance their construction. I use what happened in France as a reference and show that in Spain both circumstances only converged in (a part of) Catalonia, as a paradoxical result of inequality and the social conflicts caused by a sharecropping contract called rabassa morta.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Garrido, 2021. "Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain," Cliometrica, Springer;Cliometric Society (Association Francaise de Cliométrie), vol. 15(2), pages 443-476, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:cliomt:v:15:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s11698-020-00210-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11698-020-00210-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jordi Planas, 2016. "The emergence of winemaking cooperatives in Catalonia," Business History, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(2), pages 264-282, March.
    2. Eva Fernández & James Simpson, 2017. "Product quality or market regulation? Explaining the slow growth of Europe's wine cooperatives, 1880–1980," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 70(1), pages 122-142, February.
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    4. James Simpson, 2011. "Creating Wine: The Emergence of a World Industry, 1840-1914," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9479.
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    7. Juan Carmona & James Simpson, 2012. "Explaining contract choice: vertical coordination, sharecropping, and wine in Europe, 1850–1950," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 65(3), pages 887-909, August.
    8. Hoffman, Elizabeth & Libecap, Gary D., 1991. "Institutional Choice and the Development of U.S. Agricultural Policies in the 1920s," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 51(2), pages 397-411, June.
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    11. Planas, Jordi, 2017. "State Intervention In Wine Markets In The Early 20th Century: Why Was It So Different In France And Spain?," Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(2), pages 175-206, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wine; Cooperation; Inequality; Social conflict; Spain; Catalonia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • L66 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
    • N54 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Europe: 1913-
    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • P13 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Cooperative Enterprises

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