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Centenary (1930–2023) climate, and snow cover changes in the Western Alps of Italy. The Ossola valley

Author

Listed:
  • Leonardo Stucchi

    (Politecnico di Milano)

  • Claudia Dresti

    (National Research Council, Water Research Institute)

  • Daniele Bocchiola

    (Politecnico di Milano
    Associazione EVK2CNR)

Abstract

In this paper, we study centennial trends of climate and snow cover within the Ossola valley, in the Western Italian Alps. We pursue different tests (Mann Kendall MK, bulk, and sequential/progressive MKprog, Linear Regression, also with change point detection, and moving window average MW) on two datasets, namely (i) dataset1, daily temperature, precipitation, snow depth for 9 stations in the area, during 1930–2018, and (ii) dataset2, snow depth and density, measured twice a month (from February 1st to June 1st) for 47 stations during 2007–2023. We also verify correlation with glacier retreat nearby. In dataset1, we highlight a positive trend for minimum temperature with MK, and Linear Regression. Using MKprog/MW, a negative change of snow cover depth, and duration starting from the late 1980s is found. In dataset2, despite the annual variability in snow cover and 2022–2023 winter drought, we assess the maximum snow water equivalent (SWE) to be delayed with respect to maximum snow depth at high altitude (over a month above 2.700 m a.s.l.), highlighting the effect of settling in decreasing snow depth during spring. We also present a formula linking through Linear Regression the Day of the Year of SWE peak to altitude, relevant to assess the onset of thaw season. Due to the high altitude of the stations, and the paradigmatic nature of the Ossola Valley, hosting Toce River, a main contributor to the Lake Maggiore of Italy, our results are of interest, and can be used as a benchmark for the Italian Alps.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Stucchi & Claudia Dresti & Daniele Bocchiola, 2023. "Centenary (1930–2023) climate, and snow cover changes in the Western Alps of Italy. The Ossola valley," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 176(6), pages 1-24, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:176:y:2023:i:6:d:10.1007_s10584-023-03548-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-023-03548-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bocchiola, D. & Nana, E. & Soncini, A., 2013. "Impact of climate change scenarios on crop yield and water footprint of maize in the Po valley of Italy," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 50-61.
    2. Silvio Marta & Roberto Sergio Azzoni & Davide Fugazza & Levan Tielidze & Pritam Chand & Katrin Sieron & Peter Almond & Roberto Ambrosini & Fabien Anthelme & Pablo Alviz Gazitúa & Rakesh Bhambri & Auré, 2021. "The Retreat of Mountain Glaciers since the Little Ice Age: A Spatially Explicit Database," Data, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-8, October.
    3. Geoffrey Klein & Yann Vitasse & Christian Rixen & Christoph Marty & Martine Rebetez, 2016. "Shorter snow cover duration since 1970 in the Swiss Alps due to earlier snowmelt more than to later snow onset," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 139(3), pages 637-649, December.
    4. Christoph Marty & Juliette Blanchet, 2012. "Long-term changes in annual maximum snow depth and snowfall in Switzerland based on extreme value statistics," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 111(3), pages 705-721, April.
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