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Examining Trends in the Child Social Exclusion Index in Australia from 2011 to 2016: Have Geographical Patterns of Disadvantage Persisted Over Time?

Author

Listed:
  • Riyana Miranti

    (University of Canberra)

  • Laurie Brown

    (University of Canberra)

  • Jinjing Li

    (University of Canberra)

  • Robert Tanton

    (University of Canberra)

  • Yogi Vidyattama

    (University of Canberra)

  • Sajeda Tuli

    (University of Canberra)

  • Pia Rowe

    (University of Canberra)

Abstract

Child social exclusion (CSE) is a complex and multi-dimensional measure of social and material disadvantage in which children lack the opportunities and resources to participate fully in their communities and feel connected. The aim of this article is to provide an update of the risk of child social exclusion at small area level in Australia in 2016 and compare the trends and patterns to 2011. We found that many children are experiencing disadvantage on multiple fronts and are unable to participate fully in their community. Australia’s capital cities paint a contrasting picture having clear clusters of neighbourhoods at risk of high but also low levels of child social exclusion. Areas outside capital cities have much lower proportions of children experiencing the lowest levels of social exclusion. We found that from 2011 to 2016, the geographical patterns of the least and most excluded areas remain largely unchanged over time, with 73 per cent of the small areas in Australia remaining in the same quintile in 2011 and 2016. Of the local communities having the highest risk of child social exclusion in 2011, 87% were still in the most excluded quintile in 2016. Between 2011 and 2016, 279 small areas (14%) improved their CSE quintile, but 268 local communities shifted into a more socially excluded quintile. The key drivers of improvement in child social exclusion were ‘above-average’ improvement in the socio-economic well-being of families in these areas and in their educational attainment, and reduced exposure to increases in housing stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Riyana Miranti & Laurie Brown & Jinjing Li & Robert Tanton & Yogi Vidyattama & Sajeda Tuli & Pia Rowe, 2021. "Examining Trends in the Child Social Exclusion Index in Australia from 2011 to 2016: Have Geographical Patterns of Disadvantage Persisted Over Time?," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(4), pages 1519-1546, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:14:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s12187-021-09808-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-021-09808-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rebecca Cassells & Justine McNamara & Philippa Wicks, 2010. "Well-being Among Australian Children: A Review of Frameworks and Measures," NATSEM Working Paper Series 11/01, University of Canberra, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling.
    2. Ann Harding & Aggie Szukalska, 2000. "Trends in Child Poverty in Australia, 1982 to 1995–96," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 76(234), pages 236-254, September.
    3. Justin McNamara & Ann Harding, 2009. "Child Social Exclusion: An Updated Index From the 2006 Census," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 12(1), pages 41-64.
    4. Annie Abello & Rebecca Cassells & Anne Daly & Gabriela D’Souza & Riyana Miranti, 2016. "Youth Social Exclusion in Australian Communities: A New Index," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 128(2), pages 635-660, September.
    5. Tamar Dinisman & Asher Ben-Arieh, 2016. "The Characteristics of Children’s Subjective Well-Being," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 126(2), pages 555-569, March.
    6. Robert Tanton & Yogi Vidyattama & Binod Nepal & Justine McNamara, 2011. "Small area estimation using a reweighting algorithm," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 174(4), pages 931-951, October.
    7. Crous, Gemma & Bradshaw, Jonathan, 2017. "Child social exclusion," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 129-139.
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