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Do Individuals with Higher Education Prefer Smaller Families? Education, Fertility Preference and the Value of Children in Greater Jakarta

Author

Listed:
  • Ariane Utomo

    (The University of Melbourne)

  • Peter McDonald

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health)

  • Iwu Utomo

    (The Australian National University)

  • Terence Hull

    (The Australian National University)

Abstract

An emerging scholarship indicates that the negative educational gradient in fertility preference has reversed in some low-fertility societies in the West. This paper explores the association between education and fertility preference in Greater Jakarta. We use longitudinal data from 962 young adults surveyed in 2010 and 2014. We look at two complementary measures of fertility preference: desired number of children, and a series of attitudinal questions around the value of children, supplemented by insights from in-depth interviews. We find a slight negative educational gradient in the desired number of children, but the means are not significantly different across education categories (average of 2.43). While desired family size may not vary much by educational groupings, education continues to shape other underlying facets of fertility motivations and regulation. Multivariate analysis suggests a positive and significant association between education and the likelihood of wanting more than two children in 2010.Tertiary-educated young adults, however, have the lowest likelihood of having achieved their desired family size by 2014. Tertiary-educated respondents demonstrate higher levels of agency in governing their fertility choices. Qualitative insights suggest little socio-economic difference in how young adults articulate the psychological benefits associated with children, but less well-off respondents express higher anxiety about the costs of raising children. As the first birth occurs at a relatively early stage in their childbearing years for most women, especially those with a lower education level, there is considerable scope for lived experience to influence values, preferences and outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Ariane Utomo & Peter McDonald & Iwu Utomo & Terence Hull, 2021. "Do Individuals with Higher Education Prefer Smaller Families? Education, Fertility Preference and the Value of Children in Greater Jakarta," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(1), pages 139-161, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:14:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s12187-020-09752-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-020-09752-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grant Miller & Kimberly Singer Babiarz, 2016. "Family Planning Program Effects: Evidence from Microdata," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 42(1), pages 7-26, March.
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    3. Grant Miller and Kimberly Singer Babiarz, 2016. "Family Planning Program Effects: A Review of Evidence from Microdata - Working Paper 422," Working Papers 422, Center for Global Development.
    4. Gøsta Esping-Andersen & Francesco C. Billari, 2015. "Re-theorizing Family Demographics," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 41(1), pages 1-31, March.
    5. Moshe Hazan & Hosny Zoabi, 2015. "Do Highly Educated Women Choose Smaller Families?," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 125(587), pages 1191-1226, September.
    6. Angeles, Gustavo & Guilkey, David K & Mroz, Thomas A, 2005. "The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 54(1), pages 165-201, October.
    7. Gavin W. Jones & Hasnani Rangkuti & Ariane Utomo & Peter McDonald, 2016. "Migration, Ethnicity, and the Educational Gradient in the Jakarta Mega-Urban Region: A Spatial Analysis," Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(1), pages 55-76, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Khawar Afreen & Patrizia Ordine & Giuseppe Rose, 2024. "Association between Education and Fertility: New Evidence from the Study in Pakistan," Economies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Xiaorong Gu, 2021. "Introduction: the Value of Children and Social Transformations in Asia," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(2), pages 477-486, April.

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