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Gender Differences Relating to Lifestyle Habits and Health-Related Quality of Life of Adolescents

Author

Listed:
  • Raúl Jiménez Boraita

    (University of La Rioja)

  • Esther Gargallo Ibort

    (University of La Rioja)

  • Josep María Dalmau Torres

    (University of La Rioja)

  • Daniel Arriscado Alsina

    (University of La Rioja)

Abstract

Adolescence is a decisive stage in human development during which individuals can experience intense physical, psychological, emotional and social changes. The objective of the study was to analyse the lifestyle differences associated with the health of adolescents as a function of gender. For this, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 761 adolescents, distributed between 383 males (14.55 ± 1.64 years) and 378 females (14.46 ± 1.63 years). Relative to males, females presented significantly lower values for engaging in physical activity, maximal oxygen uptake, physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing and body satisfaction. In exchange, females demonstrated higher vegetable consumption in the daily diet and greater satisfaction in the educational context. Weak or moderate associations were observed amongst the various variables of physical and mental health in both sexes, with these being stronger in females. In particular, the association of the Mediterranean diet with better quality of life, self-esteem and physical activity engagement stands out. Further, exclusively in the case of females, associations were identified between quality of life and body satisfaction. The significant differences found according to the gender of adolescents suggest that educational and health organisations should give more consideration to establishing intervention strategies that are appropriate to the needs of each gender. Specific intervention is important, particularly in the case of females. This should aim to improve self-esteem, combat pressure and social stereotypes around their body figure, and sculpt physical practice so that it is adapted to their interests, needs and tastes, improving their experience with PA.

Suggested Citation

  • Raúl Jiménez Boraita & Esther Gargallo Ibort & Josep María Dalmau Torres & Daniel Arriscado Alsina, 2020. "Gender Differences Relating to Lifestyle Habits and Health-Related Quality of Life of Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(6), pages 1937-1951, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:13:y:2020:i:6:d:10.1007_s12187-020-09728-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-020-09728-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicole M. Fortin & Philip Oreopoulos & Shelley Phipps, 2015. "Leaving Boys Behind: Gender Disparities in High Academic Achievement," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 50(3), pages 549-579.
    2. Holly Heard & Bridget Gorman & Carolyn Kapinus, 2008. "Family Structure and Self-Rated Health in Adolescence and Young Adulthood," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 27(6), pages 773-797, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hyunlye Kim & Kwang-Hi Park & Suin Park, 2021. "Gender Differences in Lifestyle and Mental Health among Senior High School Students in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-13, October.
    2. Asaduzzaman Khan & Nicola W. Burton, 2021. "Electronic Games, Television, and Psychological Wellbeing of Adolescents: Mediating Role of Sleep and Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Emanuela Gualdi-Russo & Natascia Rinaldo & Luciana Zaccagni, 2022. "Physical Activity and Body Image Perception in Adolescents: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-28, October.

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