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Clustering with missing data: which equivalent for Rubin’s rules?

Author

Listed:
  • Vincent Audigier

    (CNAM, Laboratoire Cedric-MSDMA)

  • Ndèye Niang

    (CNAM, Laboratoire Cedric-MSDMA)

Abstract

Multiple imputation (MI) is a popular method for dealing with missing values. However, the suitable way for applying clustering after MI remains unclear: how to pool partitions? How to assess the clustering instability when data are incomplete? By answering both questions, this paper proposed a complete view of clustering with missing data using MI. The problem of partitions pooling is here addressed using consensus clustering while, based on the bootstrap theory, we explain how to assess the instability related to observed and missing data. The new rules for pooling partitions and instability assessment are theoretically argued and extensively studied by simulation. Partitions pooling improves accuracy, while measuring instability with missing data enlarges the data analysis possibilities: it allows assessment of the dependence of the clustering to the imputation model, as well as a convenient way for choosing the number of clusters when data are incomplete, as illustrated on a real data set.

Suggested Citation

  • Vincent Audigier & Ndèye Niang, 2023. "Clustering with missing data: which equivalent for Rubin’s rules?," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 17(3), pages 623-657, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:advdac:v:17:y:2023:i:3:d:10.1007_s11634-022-00519-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11634-022-00519-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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