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Are attitudes toward immigration changing in Europe? An analysis based on latent class IRT models

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  • Ewa Genge

    (University of Economics)

  • Francesco Bartolucci

    (University of Perugia)

Abstract

We analyze the changing attitudes toward immigration in EU host countries in the last few years (2010–2018) on the basis of the European Social Survey data. These data are collected by the administration of a questionnaire made of items concerning different aspects related to the immigration phenomenon. For this analysis, we rely on a latent class approach considering a variety of models that allow for: (1) multidimensionality; (2) discreteness of the latent trait distribution; (3) time-constant and time-varying covariates; and (4) sample weights. Through these models we find latent classes of Europeans with similar levels of immigration acceptance and we study the effect of different socio-economic covariates on the probability of belonging to these classes for which we provide a specific interpretation. In this way we show which countries tend to be more or less positive toward immigration and we analyze the temporal dynamics of the phenomenon under study.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewa Genge & Francesco Bartolucci, 2022. "Are attitudes toward immigration changing in Europe? An analysis based on latent class IRT models," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 16(2), pages 235-271, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:advdac:v:16:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s11634-021-00479-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s11634-021-00479-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yvonni Markaki & Simonetta Longhi, 2012. "What Determines Attitudes to Immigration in European Countries? An Analysis at the Regional Level," RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 1233, Rockwool Foundation Berlin (RF Berlin) - Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM).
    2. Vermunt, Jeroen K., 2010. "Latent Class Modeling with Covariates: Two Improved Three-Step Approaches," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 450-469.
    3. Gilles Celeux & Gilda Soromenho, 1996. "An entropy criterion for assessing the number of clusters in a mixture model," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 13(2), pages 195-212, September.
    4. Bartolucci, Francesco & Bacci, Silvia & Gnaldi, Michela, 2014. "MultiLCIRT: An R package for multidimensional latent class item response models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 971-985.
    5. Sides, John & Citrin, Jack, 2007. "European Opinion About Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information," British Journal of Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(3), pages 477-504, July.
    6. Francesco Bartolucci, 2007. "A class of multidimensional IRT models for testing unidimensionality and clustering items," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 72(2), pages 141-157, June.
    7. Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E M & Baumgartner, Hans, 1998. "Assessing Measurement Invariance in Cross-National Consumer Research," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 25(1), pages 78-90, June.
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