IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/scn/voprob/2019i3p8-42.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

На Пути К Новой Модели Аспирантуры: Опыт Совершенствования Аспирантских Программ В Российских Вузах

Author

Abstract

Малошонок Наталья Геннадьевна - кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, директор Центра социологии высшего образования Института образования Национального исследовательского университета "Высшая школа экономики". E-mail: nmaloshonok@hse.ruТерентьев Евгений Андреевич - кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра социологии высшего образования Института образования Национального исследовательского университета "Высшая школа экономики". E-mail: eterentev@hse.ruАдрес: 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20.В эпоху экономики, основанной на знаниях, повышение качества и результативности аспирантских программ является одним из ключевых вопросов в обеспечении экономического развития и национальной конкурентоспособности. Российская аспирантура находится в состоянии переопределения своей цели и организационной модели, что обусловлено как глобальными вызовами, так и вступлением в силу нового Федерального закона "Об образовании в Российской Федерации" и нового Положения о присуждении ученых степеней. Переходный период в развитии аспирантуры, осложняющийся низкими показателями защит аспирантов и проблемами институционального характера, обостряет актуальность поиска средств совершенствования аспирантуры. На основании интервью с аспирантами и сотрудниками, ответственными за реализацию аспирантских программ, анализируются практики российских университетов, призванные улучшить аспирантскую подготовку. Эти практики сгруппированы в соответствии с традиционно выделяемыми в научной литературе аспектами аспирантской подготовки, непосредственно связанными с ее результативностью: 1) процесс приема в аспирантуру; 2) учебный план аспиранта; 3) научное руководство; 4) отслеживание прогресса аспирантов; 5) механизмы финансовой поддержки аспирантов; 6) психологический климат; 7) полезные педагогические практики. Обсуждаются возможности тиражирования практик, призванных улучшить аспирантскую подготовку, и ограничения, которые необходимо учитывать.

Suggested Citation

  • Малошонок Н. Г. & Терентьев Е. А., 2019. "На Пути К Новой Модели Аспирантуры: Опыт Совершенствования Аспирантских Программ В Российских Вузах," Вопросы образования // Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 3, pages 8-42.
    • Handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2019:i:3:p:8-42
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://vo.hse.ru/data/2019/11/12/1534195177/01%20Maloshonok.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liane Moneta-Koehler & Abigail M Brown & Kimberly A Petrie & Brent J Evans & Roger Chalkley, 2017. "The Limitations of the GRE in Predicting Success in Biomedical Graduate School," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Elizaveta Sivak & Maria Yudkevich, 2009. "Academic Inbreeding: Pro and Contra," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 1, pages 170-187.
    3. Blume-Kohout, Margaret E. & Adhikari, Dadhi, 2016. "Training the scientific workforce: Does funding mechanism matter?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(6), pages 1291-1303.
    4. Ronald G. Ehrenberg & Panagiotis G. Mavros, 1995. "Do Doctoral Students' Financial Support Patterns Affect Their Times-To-Degree and Completion Probabilities?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 30(3), pages 581-609.
    5. Yaritza Ferrer de Valero, 2001. "Departmental Factors Affecting Time-to-Degree and Completion Rates of Doctoral Students at One Land-Grant Research Institution," The Journal of Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 72(3), pages 341-367, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Natalia Maloshonok & Evgeniy Terentev, 2019. "Towards the New Model of Doctoral Education: The Experience of Enhancing Doctoral Programs in Russian Universities," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 3, pages 8-42.
    2. Andreas Behr & Katja Theune, 2016. "The causal effect of off-campus work on time to degree," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 189-209, April.
    3. Monica Fisher & Violet Nyabaro & Ruth Mendum & Moses Osiru, 2020. "Making it to the PhD: Gender and student performance in sub-Saharan Africa," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Koen Geven & Jan Skopek & Moris Triventi, 2018. "How to Increase PhD Completion Rates? An Impact Evaluation of Two Reforms in a Selective Graduate School, 1976–2012," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 59(5), pages 529-552, August.
    5. Linda Sealy & Christina Saunders & Jeffrey Blume & Roger Chalkley, 2019. "The GRE over the entire range of scores lacks predictive ability for PhD outcomes in the biomedical sciences," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Bruckmeier Kerstin & Fischer Georg-Benedikt & Wigger Berthold U., 2015. "Studiengebühren in Deutschland: Lehren aus einem gescheiterten Experiment," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, De Gruyter, vol. 16(3), pages 289-301, October.
    7. Olga Alipova & Lada Litvinova & Andrey Lovakov & Maria Yudkevich, 2018. "Inbreds And Non-Inbreds Among Russian Academics: Short-Term Similarity And Long-Term Differences In Productivity," HSE Working papers WP BRP 48/EDU/2018, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    8. Chaojiang Wu & Erjia Yan & Yongjun Zhu & Kai Li, 2021. "Gender imbalance in the productivity of funded projects: A study of the outputs of National Institutes of Health R01 grants," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 72(11), pages 1386-1399, November.
    9. Ran Xu & Navid Ghaffarzadegan, 2018. "Neuroscience bridging scientific disciplines in health: Who builds the bridge, who pays for it?," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 117(2), pages 1183-1204, November.
    10. van Ours, J.C. & Ridder, G., 1999. "Fast track or Failure : A Study of the Completion Rates of Graduate Students in Economics," Other publications TiSEM 153c8198-e2e7-49b5-8a80-e, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    11. Pietro Garibaldi & Francesco Giavazzi & Andrea Ichino & Enrico Rettore, 2012. "College Cost and Time to Complete a Degree: Evidence from Tuition Discontinuities," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 94(3), pages 699-711, August.
    12. Graddy-Reed, Alexandra & Lanahan, Lauren & D'Agostino, Jesse, 2021. "Training across the academy: The impact of R&D funding on graduate students," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(5).
    13. Hyungjo Hur & Maryam A Andalib & Julie A Maurer & Joshua D Hawley & Navid Ghaffarzadegan, 2017. "Recent trends in the U.S. Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (BSSR) workforce," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Long, Bridget Terry & Taylor, Eric S., 2016. "When inputs are outputs: The case of graduate student instructorsAuthor-Name: Bettinger, Eric P," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 63-76.
    15. Wendy A. Stock & T. Aldrich Finegan & John J. Siegfried, 2006. "Attrition in Economics Ph.D. Programs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 458-466, May.
    16. Margaret E Blume-Kohout & John W Clack, 2013. "Are Graduate Students Rational? Evidence from the Market for Biomedical Scientists," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(12), pages 1-13, December.
    17. Ehrenberg, Ronald G. & Hurst, Peter J., 1998. "The 1995 Ratings of Doctoral Programs: A Hedonic Model," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 137-148, April.
    18. Wendy A. Stock & John J. Siegfried, 2006. "Time-to-Degree for the Economics Ph.D. Class of 2001-2002," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(2), pages 467-474, May.
    19. Stephane R. ROBIN, 2002. "The effect of supervision on Ph.D. duration, publications and job outcomes," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2002041, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    20. Borenstein, Denis & Perlin, Marcelo S. & Imasato, Takeyoshi, 2022. "The Academic Inbreeding Controversy: Analysis and Evidence from Brazil," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 16(2).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2019:i:3:p:8-42. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Marta Morozova (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://vo.hse.ru/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.