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Job retention schemes in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic – different shapes and sizes and the role of collective bargaining

Author

Listed:
  • Torsten Müller

    (European Trade Union Institute, Brussels, Belgium)

  • Thorsten Schulten

    (Institute of Economic and Social Research (WSI) of the Hans Böckler Foundation, Düsseldorf, Germany)

  • Jan Drahokoupil

    (European Trade Union Institute, Brussels, Belgium)

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic all the EU Member States established some kind of job retention scheme to cushion the employment effects of the economic crisis. While all job retention schemes share this general objective, they differ considerably as regards their institutional design and underlying functional logic. The aim of this article is to analyse the relevant institutional diversity across Europe, with a particular focus on the role of collective bargaining and employee representation structures in the design and implementation of job retention schemes. Based on an analysis of key institutional features of such schemes implemented during the pandemic, the second aim of the article is to identify a set of minimum standards for ‘good job retention schemes’ that ensure efficient and socially adequate use. These criteria include the following elements: ensuring inclusiveness; ensuring a minimum allowance to prevent workers from ending up below the subsistence level when on such a scheme; measures preventing misuse and deadweight losses; and making job retention schemes support conditional on the involvement of trade unions and employee representation structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Torsten Müller & Thorsten Schulten & Jan Drahokoupil, 2022. "Job retention schemes in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic – different shapes and sizes and the role of collective bargaining," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 28(2), pages 247-265, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:treure:v:28:y:2022:i:2:p:247-265
    DOI: 10.1177/10242589221089808
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alexander Hijzen & Sebastien Martin, 2013. "The role of short-time work schemes during the global financial crisis1 and early recovery: a cross-country analysis," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 2(1), pages 1-31, December.
    2. Cahuc, Pierre & Carcillo, Stéphane, 2011. "Is Short-Time Work a Good Method to Keep Unemployment Down?," IZA Discussion Papers 5430, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Alexander Hijzen & Danielle Venn, 2011. "The Role of Short-Time Work Schemes during the 2008-09 Recession," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 115, OECD Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Katarína LukÃ¡Ä ová & Lucia KovÃ¡Ä ová & Martin Kahanec, 2022. "Industrial relations and unemployment benefit schemes in the Visegrad countries during the COVID-19 pandemic," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 28(2), pages 229-246, May.
    2. Daniel Clegg & Elke Heins & Philip Rathgeb, 2022. "Unemployment benefit governance, trade unions and outsider protection in conservative welfare states," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 28(2), pages 195-210, May.

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