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Detecting Aberrant Behavior and Item Preknowledge: A Comparison of Mixture Modeling Method and Residual Method

Author

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  • Chun Wang

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Gongjun Xu

    (University of Michigan)

  • Zhuoran Shang
  • Nathan Kuncel

    (University of Minnesota)

Abstract

The modern web-based technology greatly popularizes computer-administered testing, also known as online testing. When these online tests are administered continuously within a certain “testing window,†many items are likely to be exposed and compromised, posing a type of test security concern. In addition, if the testing time is limited, another recognized aberrant behavior is rapid guessing, which refers to quickly answering an item without processing its meaning. Both cheating behavior and rapid guessing result in extremely short response times. This article introduces a mixture hierarchical item response theory model, using both response accuracy and response time information, to help differentiate aberrant behavior from normal behavior. The model-based approach is compared to the Bayesian residual-based fit statistic in both simulation study and two real data examples. Results show that the mixture model approach consistently outperforms the residual method in terms of correct detection rate and false positive error rate, in particular when the proportion of aberrance is high. Moreover, the model-based approach is also able to correctly identify compromised items better than residual method.

Suggested Citation

  • Chun Wang & Gongjun Xu & Zhuoran Shang & Nathan Kuncel, 2018. "Detecting Aberrant Behavior and Item Preknowledge: A Comparison of Mixture Modeling Method and Residual Method," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 43(4), pages 469-501, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jedbes:v:43:y:2018:i:4:p:469-501
    DOI: 10.3102/1076998618767123
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yu-Wei Chang & Rung-Ching Tsai & Nan-Jung Hsu, 2014. "A Speeded Item Response Model: Leave the Harder till Later," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 79(2), pages 255-274, April.
    2. Jeffrey Rouder & Dongchu Sun & Paul Speckman & Jun Lu & Duo Zhou, 2003. "A hierarchical bayesian statistical framework for response time distributions," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 68(4), pages 589-606, December.
    3. Chun Wang & Yi Zheng & Hua-Hua Chang, 2014. "Does Standard Deviation Matter? Using “Standard Deviation” to Quantify Security of Multistage Testing," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 79(1), pages 154-174, January.
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