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Pay and Productivity Differences between Male and Female Veterinarians

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  • David M. Smith

Abstract

The author uses data from annual wage surveys conducted in 1994 and 1995 by Medical Economics Research Group to study differences in pay and productivity between male and female veterinarians in the wage-salary sector. The gender gap in average earnings was 15%. When controls for various observable characteristics are added to the analysis, the earnings gap narrows to 9%, based on the most conservative estimates. Using unique revenue production measures in an analysis holding other factors constant, the author finds that women's productivity was not statistically different from men's. Together, the findings of gender differences in earnings but not in productivity are consistent with the presence of wage discrimination, but the author explores other possible explanations as well.

Suggested Citation

  • David M. Smith, 2002. "Pay and Productivity Differences between Male and Female Veterinarians," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 55(3), pages 493-511, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ilrrev:v:55:y:2002:i:3:p:493-511
    DOI: 10.1177/001979390205500306
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blau, Francine D & Kahn, Lawrence M, 1997. "Swimming Upstream: Trends in the Gender Wage Differential in 1980s," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 15(1), pages 1-42, January.
    2. Barbara H. Kehrer, 1976. "Factors Affecting the Incomes of Men and Women Physicians: An Exploratory," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 11(4), pages 526-545.
    3. Wood, Robert G & Corcoran, Mary E & Courant, Paul N, 1993. "Pay Differences among the Highly Paid: The Male-Female Earnings Gap in Lawyers' Salaries," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 11(3), pages 417-441, July.
    4. Mark B. Stewart, 1982. "On Least Squares Estimation When the Dependent Variable is Grouped," Working Papers 539, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    5. Lazear, Edward P, 1979. "Why Is There Mandatory Retirement?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 87(6), pages 1261-1284, December.
    6. Mary B. Hampton & John S. Heywood, 1993. "Do Workers Accurately Perceive Gender Wage Discrimination?," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 47(1), pages 36-49, October.
    7. Mark B. Stewart, 1983. "On Least Squares Estimation when the Dependent Variable is Grouped," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 50(4), pages 737-753.
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    Cited by:

    1. Almas Heshmati & Biwei Su, 2017. "Analysis Of Gender Wage Differential In China’S Urban Labor Market," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 62(02), pages 423-445, June.
    2. María Arrazola & José de Hevia, 2016. "The Gender Wage Gap in Offered, Observed, and Reservation Wages for Spain," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 101-128, October.

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