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The Molecular Biology Revolution and the Rise of Bioscience Megacentres in North America and Europe

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  • Philip Cooke

    (Centre for Advanced Studies, and ESRC Centre for Social and Economic Analysis of Genomics (CESAGen) Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3BB, Wales)

Abstract

This paper focuses on ‘triple helix’ effects in biosciences. Scientific change can have profound socioeconomic effects. The molecular biology revolution tilted pharmaceuticals production away from its fine chemistry path dependence into microbiology and biotechnology. The key to any triple helix effects has thus shifted to universities and spinouts buttressed with burgeoning public funding, leaving ‘big pharma’ increasingly playing the role of licenser and marketer of bought-in therapeutic treatments. Concentration in the healthcare value chain means a few places that have become bioscience ‘mega-centres’ dominate healthcare innovation. Ambitious regions seeking to establish megacentres of their own are causing governments to experiment with ‘regional science policy’ to build up competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Cooke, 2004. "The Molecular Biology Revolution and the Rise of Bioscience Megacentres in North America and Europe," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 22(2), pages 161-177, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirc:v:22:y:2004:i:2:p:161-177
    DOI: 10.1068/c0344
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Walter Powell & Kenneth Koput & James Bowie & Laurel Smith-Doerr, 2002. "The Spatial Clustering of Science and Capital: Accounting for Biotech Firm-Venture Capital Relationships," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 291-305.
    2. Mowery,David C. & Nelson,Richard R. (ed.), 1999. "Sources of Industrial Leadership," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521645201, September.
    3. Philip Cooke, 2004. "Regional knowledge capabilities, embeddedness of firms and industry organisation: Bioscience megacentres and economic geography," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(5), pages 625-641, July.
    4. Franco Malerba & Luigi Orsenigo, 2002. "Innovation and market structure in the dynamics of the pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology: towards a history-friendly model," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 11(4), pages 667-703, August.
    5. Charlie Karlsson & Per Flensburg & Sven-Åke Hörte (ed.), 2004. "Knowledge Spillovers and Knowledge Management," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 3385.
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    1. repec:wsr:ecbook:2014:i:v-004 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Philip Cooke, 2009. "The Economic Geography Of Knowledge Flow Hierarchies Among Internationally Networked Medical Bioclusters: A Scientometric Analysis," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(3), pages 332-347, July.
    3. Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen & Helen Lawton Smith, 2014. "Firm Heterogeneity in Biotech: Absorptive Capacity, Strategies and Local-Regional Connections," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(9), pages 1783-1801, September.
    4. Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen, 2006. "Strategic Considerations for Innovation and Commercialization in the US Biotechnology Sector," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(6), pages 753-766, May.

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