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The Debate on Expansionary Fiscal Consolidation: How Robust is the Evidence?

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  • Anis Chowdhury
  • Iyanatul Islam

Abstract

This paper critically examines the key empirical evidence used to support the fiscal consolidation argument, complemented by a brief assessment of the limitations of the analytical foundation of the growth promoting benefits of the fiscal consolidation thesis. It also reviews the evidence on the debt-growth relationship at some length. It finds that the negative relationship between debt and GDP growth is influenced by outliers or exceptionally high debt-GDP ratios. It also points out that the composition of public debt matters. Additionally the debt-GDP relationship appears to be non-linear—positive first and turning to negative, but there is considerable variation in the estimated turning or ‘tipping’ point, which is not helpful as a policy guide. Historical evidence does not lend support to the concerns that the current situation is likely to cause rapid upward spiraling of public indebtedness. Finally, the argument that fiscal consolidation is possible without adversely affecting growth is not based on robust empirical evidence. This conclusion is reinforced by a succinct overview of some country-specific experiences (Denmark, Ireland and United States).

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  • Anis Chowdhury & Iyanatul Islam, 2012. "The Debate on Expansionary Fiscal Consolidation: How Robust is the Evidence?," The Economic and Labour Relations Review, , vol. 23(3), pages 13-38, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ecolab:v:23:y:2012:i:3:p:13-38
    DOI: 10.1177/103530461202300302
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    5. Engelbert Stockhammer & Collin Constantine & Severin Reissl, 2015. "Neoliberalism, trade imbalances, and economic policy in the Eurozone crisis [Neoliberalism, trade imbalances, and economic policy in the Eurozone crisis]," Nova Economia, Economics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil), vol. 25(spe), pages 749-775, December.
    6. Ray, Nikhil. & Schmitz, Laura., 2016. "The IMF and the social dimensions of growth : a content analysis of recent Article IV surveillance reports 2014-2015," ILO Working Papers 994902503402676, International Labour Organization.
    7. João Ferreira do Amaral & João Carlos Lopes, 2016. "Self-Defeating Austerity? Assessing the Impact of Fiscal Consolidations on Unemployment," Working Papers Department of Economics 2016/13, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    8. Almeida, Renan P. & Hungaro, Lucas, 2021. "Water and sanitation governance between austerity and financialization," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    9. José Carlos Coelho, 2020. "Self-defeating austerity in Portugal during the Troika's economic and financial adjustment programme," Working Papers REM 2020/0124, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    10. Sher VERICK & Dorothea SCHMIDT‐KLAU & Sangheon LEE, 2022. "Is this time really different? How the impact of the COVID‐19 crisis on labour markets contrasts with that of the global financial crisis of 2008–09," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 161(1), pages 125-148, March.
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