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From Access to Outcome Equity: Revitalizing the Democratic Mission of the Community College

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  • Alicia C. Dowd

Abstract

By expanding higher education’s enrollment capacity, community colleges are understood by many to play an important democratizing role in the American postsecondary system. As public institutions, they also face demands for accountability, productivity, and efficiency, which in recent years have led to a greater market orientation. This article analyzes the ideology of efficiency and its effects on the acclaimed democratizing mission of the public two-year sector. It argues that open access in the traditional sense of nonselective, low-cost enrollment has been eroded by the stratification of educational opportunity and by declining college affordability. Technical and economic efficiency are discussed as concepts having meaning and application distinct from the ideology of efficiency and that are not inherently at odds with equity goals. Performance accountability is explored as a mechanism to collect and examine detailed student outcome data and balance efficiency concerns with a focus on equity.

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  • Alicia C. Dowd, 2003. "From Access to Outcome Equity: Revitalizing the Democratic Mission of the Community College," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 586(1), pages 92-119, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:anname:v:586:y:2003:i:1:p:92-119
    DOI: 10.1177/0095399702250214
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    1. Donald E. Heller, 1997. "Student Price Response in Higher Education," The Journal of Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 68(6), pages 624-659, November.
    2. Joseph C. Burke & Shahpar Modarresi, 2000. "To Keep or Not to Keep Performance Funding," The Journal of Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 71(4), pages 432-453, July.
    3. Thomas J. Kane & Cecilia Elena Rouse, 1999. "The Community College: Educating Students at the Margin between College and Work," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 13(1), pages 63-84, Winter.
    4. Stephen V. Cameron & James J. Heckman, 2001. "The Dynamics of Educational Attainment for Black, Hispanic, and White Males," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 109(3), pages 455-499, June.
    5. Hilmer, Michael J., 1998. "Post-secondary fees and the decision to attend a university or a community college," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 329-348, March.
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