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Les cycles des grands pays industrialisés. des croissances plus proches mais des zones déphasées

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  • Carine Bouthevillain

Abstract

[eng] The Cycles of the Leading Industrialized Countries Similar Growth but Out-of-Phase Zones . The ten leading industrialized countries' growth trends - short-run fluctuations aside - have been becoming more similar ever since the first oil shock. In the early 1990s, they converged at around 2.5% with Japan one point ahead of its partners. . When cyclical growth fluctuations are taken into account, the countries separate out into three zones: the English-speaking countries (the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom), continental Europe (Germany, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Spain and Italy) and Japan as a zone apart. . Since 1975, when all the countries were in the trough of the cycle, the three zones' cycles have become increasingly out of phase with one another. These cyclical differences have in turn helped and hindered the zones' growth via their foreign trade. Yet the ties linking the different zones, especially trade and monetary ties, are not strong enough for local shocks to have any forceful effect on the other zones. This said, cyclical trends in the English-speaking countries and especially in Europe appear to be increasingly in phase with one another. [fre] Les cycles des grands pays industrialisés Des croissances plus proches mais des zones déphasées . Les croissances tendancielles - hors fluctuations conjoncturelles - des dix premiers pays industrialisés se resserrent depuis le premier choc pétrolier. Au début des . années quatre-vingt-dix elles convergent autour de 2,5%, le Japon restant encore à un niveau supérieur, d'un point, à celui de ses partenaires. . Si l'on considère les fluctuations cycliques de la croissance, les pays se regroupent en trois zones : les pays anglo-saxons (États-Unis, Canada et Royaume Uni), ceux d'Europe continentaie (Allemagne, Pays-Bas, France, Belgique, Espagne et . Italie) et le Japon qui constitue une zone à part entière. Depuis 1975, année où tous les pays furent dans le creux du cycle, les trois zones exhibent des cycles de . plus en plus désynchronisés. Ce décalage des conjunctures a pu alternativement soutenir ou altérer la croissance des zones, via leurs échanges extérieurs, . Mais la puissance des liens, notamment commerciaux et monétaires, qui unissent les différentes zones n'est pas suffisante pour transmettre avec vigueur les chocs locaux aux autres zones. En revanche, au sein des zones pays anglo-saxons et, surtout, . Europe, les mouvements cycliques semblent de plus en plus en phase. [ger] Die Konjunkturzyklen der groBen Industrielander . Wachstum mit konvergierenden Raten und Wirtschaftszonen mit asynchronen Zyklen Die Wachstumstrends der zehn grôBten Industrielander nâhern sich - urn die Auswirkungen konjunktureller Schwankungen bereinigt - seit dem ersten Ôlschock einander an. Zu Beginn der neunziger Jahre konvergierten sie bei 2,5%, wobei das Wachstum Japans urn einen Prozentpunkt iiber dem seiner europàischen Partner lag. . Wenn man die zyklischen Wachstumsschwankungen betrachtet, so lassen sich diese Lander in drei Wirtschaftszonen einteilen: die angelsâchsischen Lander (Vereinigte Staaten, Kanada und das Vereinigte Kônigreich), die kontinentaleuropàischen Lander (Deutschland, die Niederlande, Frankreich, Belgien, Spanien und Italien) sowie Japan, das eine Zone fur sich darstellt. . Seit 1 975, als sich sâmtliche Lander am Tiefpunkt des Zyklus befanden, verzeichnen diese drei Zonen Zyklen, die immer mehr asynchron verlaufen. Diese abweichende Konjunkturentwicklung konnte uberden AuBenhandel das Wachstum in den jeweils anderen Zonen entweder stùtzen oder beeintràchtigen. Die Intensitât der Beziehungen, insbesondere im Handels- und Wâhrungsbereich, die zwischen den Zonen bestehen, reicht jedoch nicht aus, urn die lokalen Schocks auf die anderen Zonen nachhaltig zu ubertragen. Dagegen scheinen innerhalb der Zone der angelsâchsischen Lander und vor allem der kontinentaleuropàischen Lander die zyklischen Bewegungen immer mehr synchron zu verlaufen. [spa] Ciclos de los grandes paîses industrializados . Unos crecimientos mâs cercanos y zonas desfasadas Los crecimientos tendenciales - con excepciôn de las fluctuaciones coyunturales - de los diez primeras paîses industrializados se acercan desde el primer choque petrolero. A principios de los noventa convergen hacia un 2,5 %, quedândose el Japon a un nivel superior en un punto al de sus socios. . Si se toman en cuenta las fluctuaciones cîclicas del crecimiento, los paîses se reparten en très zonas : los paîses anglosajones (Estados Unidos, Canada y Reino Unido), los de Europa continental (Alemania, Pafses Bajos, Francia, Bélgica, Espana e Italia) y el Japon que constituye por si solo una zona. . Desde 1 975, ano en que todos los paîses se hallaban en lo mes bajo del ciclo, las très zonas muestran unos ciclos cada vez mes desincronizados. Este desfase de las coyunturas ha podido alternativamente sostener o alterar el crecimiento de las zonas, mediante sus intercambios exteriores. Pero la fuerza de los vînculos, comerciales y monetarios entre otros, que relacionan las diferentes zonas no es suficiente como para transmitir con vigor los choques locales a las demâs zonas. En cambio, en las zonas pafses anglosajones y, sobre todo, Europa, los movimientos cîclicos parecen estar cada vez mâs en fase.

Suggested Citation

  • Carine Bouthevillain, 1996. "Les cycles des grands pays industrialisés. des croissances plus proches mais des zones déphasées," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 298(1), pages 71-91.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1996_num_298_1_6156
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1996.6156
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1996.6156
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bouoiyour, Jamal & Ibourk, Aomar, 2005. "Le Cycle des affaires dans les pays MENA Une Application du Filtre Hodrick-Prescott [The Business Cycle in MENA Application of a Hodrick-Prescott Filter]," MPRA Paper 46115, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. ODIA NDONGO, Yves Francis, 2007. "Les sources des fluctuations marcoéconomiques au Cameroun," MPRA Paper 1308, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Verne, Jean-François, 2011. "Les principales caractéristiques du cycle économique et de la croissance tendancielle au Liban," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 87(2), pages 117-136, juin.
    4. Jacky Fayolle & Paul-Emmanuel Micolet, 1997. "Cycles internationaux : éléments pour une problématique appliquée," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 62(1), pages 109-150.

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