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Inflation et chômage : le rôle de la flexibilité

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  • Lionel de Boisdeffre
  • Pierre Joly

Abstract

[fre] Au cours des quinze dernières années, la progression du chômage est plus lente en Allemagne qu'en France. Deux facteurs importants sont analysés ici : une croissance démographique mieux ajustée à la conjoncture et une maîtrise précoce des coûts salariaux allemands qui a précédé les créations d'emplois. . La boucle prix-salaires s'inscrit outre-Rhin dans un "cercle vertueux" conciliant à la fin des années quatre-vingt stabilité monétaire et recul du chômage. Cela tient à une sensibilité moindre aux coûts des matières premières, à une transmission des prix moins rigide qu'en France et à un mécanisme de formation des salaires moins inflationniste. . La désinflation et l'évolution modérée des coûts salariaux amorcée en France au cours de la période récente semblent annoncer toutefois la fin du handicap français. [spa] Inflación y desempleo : el rol de la flexibilidad - En el transcurso de los últimos años, la progresión del desempleo es más lenta en Alemania que en Francia. En este artículo se analizan dos factures importantes : un crecimiento demográfico más ajustado a la coyuntura y un control precoz de los costes salariales que precedió a la creación de empleos. . El binomio precios-salarios se inscribe en Alemania en un "círculo virtuoso" que concilió a fines de los anos ochenta la estabilidad monetaria y la disminución del desempleo. . Esto obedece a una menor sensibilidad a los costes de materias primas, a una transmisión de los precios menos rígida que en Francia y a un mecanismo de formación de los salarios menos inflacionista. . La desinflación y la evolución moderada de los costes salariales, iniciada, esta última, en el transcurso del reciente período, anuncian quizâs el fin de una desventaja para Francia. [eng] Inflation and Unemployment: the Role of Flexibility - Over the last fifteen years, the growth of unemployment has been slower in Germany than in France. Two important factors are analysed here, a population growth which was more adapted to the economic environment and a control of wage costs which anticipated the creation of jobs. . On the other side of the Rhine, the price-salary loop is contained in a "virtuous circle" which, in the late eighties, reconciled monetary stability and a drop in unemployment. This is due to the fact that Germany is less sensitive to the cost of raw materials, has a less rigid flow of prices than France and has a less inflationary mechanism of salary fixing. The disinflation and the moderate evolution of salary costs which has recently begun may herald the end of a French handicap.

Suggested Citation

  • Lionel de Boisdeffre & Pierre Joly, 1991. "Inflation et chômage : le rôle de la flexibilité," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 246(1), pages 65-74.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1991_num_246_1_6296
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1991.6296
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1991.6296
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Brigitte Dormont & Jean Le Dem, 1990. "La dimension sectorielle de la formation des salaires : une analyse comparative des industries américaine, allemande et française," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 92(1), pages 145-152.
    3. Jean Le Dem & Frédéric Lerais, 1990. "Où va la productivité du travail ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 237(1), pages 49-67.
    4. Pierre Poret, 1990. "Les salaires dans les grands pays de l'OCDE au cours des années quatre-vingt," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 235(1), pages 3-15.
    5. Ulrich Stiehler, 1987. "Price Determination in the Major Seven Country Models in INTERLINK," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 44, OECD Publishing.
    6. Michael Bruno & Jeffrey D. Sachs, 1985. "Economics of Worldwide Stagflation," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number brun85-1.
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