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Les pays selon leur PIB en valeur réelle

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  • Hugues Picard

Abstract

[spa] Los Países según su PIB en valor real - En 1978 la Oficina Estadística de las Comunidades Europeas publicó los resultados de un estudio que equipara el producto interior bruto en valor real de los países de la Comunidad europea; también en 1978, bajo el título de «International Comparisons of real Product and Purchasing power », las Naciones Unidas y el Banco Mundial hicieron lo mismo para 16 países, entre los cuales Japon, Estados Unidos y la CEE. El objeto de dichos trabajos consistía en confrontar el poder adquisitivo interno de los diversos paises; el de confrontar también las estructuras productivas ya que dos economías pueden llegar a un PIB comparable si bien con una estructura de los empleos y recursos sumamente desiguales. Así pues, parece ser que el Mercado Común reune países cuya importancia es desigual : Manda contribuye por menos de un 1 % al PIB europeo en volumen y la República federal Alemana por más de un 27 %. Otra comprobación : cuanto más elevado el nivel del producto real por habitante, tanto más elevado el nivel de precios de este PIB. También es factible comprobar una vez mas cuanto desigual es la distribución de ingresos entre naciones : así pues, en 1970, el producto en volumen por habitante pasó de 207 dólares internacionales para un 10 % de la población menos avantajada a 4 654 dollars para un 10 % de habitantes perteneciendo a naciones más desarrolladas. [eng] A comparison of Countries in Terms of Real GDP - In 1978 the Statistical Office of the European Communities published the results of a study comparing the real gross domestic product of the countries of the European Community. During the same year, under the title of « International Comparisons of real Product and Purchasing Power », the United Nations and the World Bank completed a similar study of 16 countries, including Japan, the United States, and the EEC. The purpose of these studies is to provide a comparison of the domestic purchasing power of the different countries; furthermore, they try to compare varying patterns of productions, as two economies can have a comparable GDP but very different uses and resources. It resulted from this study that the Common Market comprises countries of unequal importance. Thus, Ireland accounts for less than 1 % of the volume of the European Community's GDP, whilethecorrespondingfigureforthe Federal Republic of Germany isover 27%. It also emerges that the higher the level of the real GDP per capita, the higher the level of prices of the GDP. It also becomes apparent, once again, how unequaly revenues are distributed among nations : thus, in 1970, the volume of the gross domestic product per capita ranged from a low figure of 207 « international dollars » for the poorest 10% of the world population, to 4,654 for the 10 % belonging to the most highly developped countries. [fre] En 1978, l'OSCE a publié les résultats d'une étude comparant les produits intérieurs bruts en valeur réelle des pays de la Communauté; toujours en 1978, sous le titre « International Comparisons of real Product and Purchasing Power », les Nations unies et la Banque mondiale ont fait de même pour 16 pays dont le Japon, les États-Unis et la CEE. L'objectif de ces travaux est de confronter les pouvoirs d'achat internes des différents pays; il est aussi de confronter des structures de production car deux économies peuvent atteindre un PIB comparable avec une composition des emplois et des ressources très différente. Ainsi il apparaît que le Marché commun rassemble des pays d'importance inégale : l'Irlande contribue pour moins de 1 % au PIB européen en volume et la RFA pour plus de 27 %. Autre constat, plus le niveau du produit réel par habitant est élevé, et plus le niveau des prix de ce PIB est élevé. Se trouve prouvé encore une fois combien les revenus sont inégalement distribués entre les Nations : ainsi en 1970 le produit en volume par tête passe de 207 « dollars internationaux » pour les 10 % de la population la moins bien lotie à 4 654 pour les 10 % appartenant aux pays les plus développés.

Suggested Citation

  • Hugues Picard, 1979. "Les pays selon leur PIB en valeur réelle," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 111(1), pages 47-63.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1979_num_111_1_4245
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1979.4245
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1979.4245
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kravis, Irving B & Heston, Alan W & Summers, Robert, 1978. "Real GDP per Capita for More Than One Hundred Countries," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 88(350), pages 215-242, June.
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    1. Robert Boyer & Pascal Petit, 1980. "Emploi et productivité dans la CEE," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 121(1), pages 35-59.
    2. François Magnien & Jean-Luc Tavernier & David Thesmar, 2002. "Le recul du PIB par habitant de la France traduit surtout l'imperfection des comparaisons internationales," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 354(1), pages 3-20.
    3. Philippe Sigogne, 1981. "Place et efficacité des branches : la France face à ses partenaires européens," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 139(1), pages 39-56.
    4. Georges François & Jean-Michel Rempp, 1981. "Consommation et prix en Pologne et en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 130(1), pages 67-73.

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